Abstract
We report two cases of pentalogy of Cantrell diagnosed in utero using a combination of fetal echocardiography and magnetic resonance imaging. The cardiac component consisted of tetralogy of Fallot in the first fetus and ventricular septal defect in the second fetus. Whereas fetal echocardiography allowed accurate delineation of the cardiac anatomy, prenatal magnetic resonance imaging allowed clearer delineation of the extent of the thoracic and abdominal wall defects. Fetal magnetic resonance imaging in conjunction with prenatal echocardiography allows optimal assessment of the fetus with ectopia cordis, which has significant implications from the standpoint of preoperative planning and providing prognostic information. This report represents the first description of applying magnetic resonance imaging in combination with echocardiography toward a better understanding of this clinical entity in the fetus.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Baker ME, Rosenberg ER, Trofatter KF, et al. (1984) The in utero findings in twin pentalogy of Cantrell. J Ultrasound Med 3:525–527
Cantrell JR, Haller JA, Ravitch MM (1958) A syndrome of congenital defects involving the abdominal wall, sternum, diaphragm, pericardium and heart. Surg Gynecol Obstet 107:602–614
Carmi R, Boughman JA (1992) Pentalogy of Cantrell and associated midline anomalies: a possible ventral midline developmental field. Am J Med Genet 42:90–95
Coakley FV, Glenn OA, Qayyum A, et al. (2004) Fetal MRI: a developing technique for the developing patient. Am J Roentgenol 182:243–252
DiBernardo S, Sekarski N, Meijboom E (2004) Left ventricular diverticulum in a neonate with Cantrell syndrome. Heart 90:1320
Ghidini A, Sirtori M, Romero R, et al. (1988) Prenatal diagnosis of pentalogy of Cantrell. J Ultrasound Med 7:567–572
Halbertsma FJ, van Oort A, van der Staak F (2002) Cardiac diverticulum and omphalocele: Cantrell’s pentalogy or syndrome. Cardiol Young 12:71–74
Hornberger LK, Colan SD, Lock JE, et al. (1996) Outcome of patients with ectopia cordis and significant intra-cardiac defects. Circulation 94:II32–II37
Jochems L, Jacquemyn Y, Blaumeiser B (2004) Prenatal diagnosis of pentalogy of Cantrell: a case report. Clin Exp Obstet Gynecol 31:141–142
Kawabata I, Takahashi Y, Iwagaki S, et al. (2003) MRI during pregnancy. J Perinat Med 31:449–458
Levine D (2004) Fetal magnetic resonance imaging. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 15:85–94
Liang RI, Huang SE, Chang FM (1997) Prenatal diagnosis of ectopia cordis at 10 weeks of gestation using two-dimensional and three-dimensional ultrasonography. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 10:137–139
Oka T, Shiraishi I, Iwasaki N, et al. (2003) Usefulness of helical CT angiography and MRI in the diagnosis and treatment of pentalogy of Cantrell. J Pediatr 142:84
Robson CD, Barnewolt CE (2004) MR imaging of fetal head and neck anomalies. Neuroimaging Clin North Am 14:273–291
Song A, McLeary MS (2000) MR imaging of pentalogy of Cantrell variant with an intact diaphragm and pericardium. Pediatr Radiol 30:638–639
Toyama WM (1972) Combined congenital defects of the anterior abdominal wall, sternum, diaphragm, pericardium, and heart: a case report and review of the syndrome. Pediatrics 50:778–792
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
McMahon, C.J., Taylor, M.D., Cassady, C.I. et al. Diagnosis of Pentalogy of Cantrell in the Fetus Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Ultrasound. Pediatr Cardiol 28, 172–175 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00246-006-0032-1
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00246-006-0032-1