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Evolution of Metazoan Cell Junction Proteins: The Scaffold Protein MAGI and the Transmembrane Receptor Tetraspanin in the Demosponge Suberites domuncula

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Abstract

Until recently the positioning of the sponges (phylum Porifera) within the metazoan systematics was hampered by the lack of molecular evidence for the existence of junctional structures in the surface cell layers. In this study two genes related to the tight junctions are characterized from the demosponge Suberites domuncula: tetraspanin (SDTM4SF), a cell surface receptor, and MAGI (SDMAGI), a MAGUK (membrane-associated guanylate kinase homologue) protein. Especially the MAGI protein is known in other metazoan animal phyla to exist exclusively in tight junctions. The characteristic domains of MAGI proteins (six PDZ domains, two WW domains, and a truncated guanylate kinase motif) are conserved in the sponge protein. The functional analysis of SDMAGI done by in situ hybridization shows its expression in the surface epithelial layers (exopinacoderm and endopinacoderm). Northern blot studies reveal that expression of SDMAGI and SDTM4SF increases after formation of the pinacoderm layer in the animals as well as in primmorphs. These results support earlier notions that sponges contain junctional structures. We conclude that sponges contain epithelia whose cells are organized by cell junctions.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by grants from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft and the Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (project: Center of Excellence BIOTEC marin).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institut für Physiologische Chemie, Abteilung Angewandte Molekularbiologie, Universität, Duesbergweg 6, D-55099, Mainz, Germany

    Teresa Adell, Sanja Perović-Ottstadt, Matthias Wiens, Michael Korzhev, Isabel M. Müller & Werner E. G. Müller

  2. Department of Molecular Biology, Institute Rudjer Boskovic, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia

    Vera Gamulin

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  1. Teresa Adell
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  2. Vera Gamulin
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  6. Isabel M. Müller
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  7. Werner E. G. Müller
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Correspondence to Werner E. G. Müller.

Additional information

The sequence from Suberites domuncula reported here, the protein membrane-associated guanylate kinase with an inverted arrangement (MAGI), is deposited in the EMBL/GenBank database under accession number AJ580406.

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Adell, T., Gamulin, V., Perović-Ottstadt, S. et al. Evolution of Metazoan Cell Junction Proteins: The Scaffold Protein MAGI and the Transmembrane Receptor Tetraspanin in the Demosponge Suberites domuncula . J Mol Evol 59, 41–50 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00239-004-2602-2

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