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Invertebrate Species with Nonpelagic Larvae Have Elevated Levels of Nonsynonymous Substitutions and Reduced Nucleotide Diversities

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Abstract

Under a nearly neutral model in which most amino acid substitutions are slightly deleterious, variation in demography, population structure, and other ecological factors among closely related species can potentially modify the effective population size or the selective regime, leading to differences in the rate of nonsynonymous substitution. Ratios of nonsynonymous to synonymous substitutions (dN/dS) between species were analyzed in a sea star genus (Patiriella) and a molluscan genus (Littorina), each with diverse modes of reproduction, including multiple lineages with pelagic and nonpelagic larvae. In both genera, lineages with nonpelagic larvae had significantly higher dN/dS ratios than lineages with pelagic larvae. The hypothesis that the elevated dN/dS ratios in species with nonpelagic larvae was due to reduced effective population size was tested by comparing nucleotide diversities in three genera of gastropod mollusks (Littorina, Crepidula, and Hydrobia), each with several modes of reproduction. Overall, there was a significant (p < 0.05) reduction in nucleotide diversity in species with nonpelagic larvae compared to species with pelagic larvae.

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  1. Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803-1715, USA

    David W. Foltz

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Foltz, D.W. Invertebrate Species with Nonpelagic Larvae Have Elevated Levels of Nonsynonymous Substitutions and Reduced Nucleotide Diversities . J Mol Evol 57, 607–612 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00239-003-2495-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00239-003-2495-5

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