Abstract
Introduction
The craniovertebral junction is clinically important. The vertebral artery (VA) in its several variations runs within this area. We report the prevalence of these VA variations on magnetic resonance angiography (MRA).
Methods
We retrospectively reviewed MRA images, obtained using two 1.5-T imagers, of 2,739 patients, and paid special attention to the course and branching of the VA at the level of the C1–2 vertebral bodies.
Results
There were three types of VA variation at the C1–2 level: (1) persistent first intersegmental artery (FIA), (2) VA fenestration, and (3) posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) originating from the C1/2 level. The overall prevalence of these three variations was 5.0%. There was no laterality in frequency, but we found female predominance (P < 0.05). We most frequently observed the persistent FIA (3.2%), which was sometimes bilateral. We found VA fenestration (0.9%) and PICA of C1/2 origin (1.1%) with almost equal frequency. Two PICAs of C1/2 origin had no normal VA branch.
Conclusions
We frequently observed VA variations at the C1–2 level and with female predominance. The persistent FIA was most prevalent and sometimes seen bilaterally. Preoperative identification of these variations in VA is necessary to avoid complications during surgery at the craniovertebral junction.
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Acknowledgments
We are grateful to Rosalyn Uhrig, M.A., for editorial assistance in the preparation of this manuscript.
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We declare that we have no conflict of interest.
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Uchino, A., Saito, N., Watadani, T. et al. Vertebral artery variations at the C1–2 level diagnosed by magnetic resonance angiography. Neuroradiology 54, 19–23 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00234-011-0849-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00234-011-0849-z