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Nanoparticle Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering of Bacteriorhodopsin Stabilized by Amphipol A8-35

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Abstract

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) has developed dramatically since its discovery in the 1970s, because of its power as an analytical tool for selective sensing of molecules adsorbed onto noble metal nanoparticles (NPs) and nanostructures, including at the single-molecule (SM) level. Despite the high importance of membrane proteins (MPs), SERS application to MPs has not really been studied, due to the great handling difficulties resulting from the amphiphilic nature of MPs. The ability of amphipols (APols) to trap MPs and keep them soluble, stable, and functional opens up onto highly interesting applications for SERS studies, possibly at the SM level. This seems to be feasible since single APol-trapped MPs can fit into gaps between noble metal NPs, or in other gap-containing SERS substrates, whereby the enhancement of Raman scattering signal may be sufficient for SM sensitivity. The goal of the present study is to give a proof of concept of SERS with APol-stabilized MPs, using bacteriorhodopsin (BR) as a model. BR trapped by APol A8-35 remains functional even after partial drying at a low humidity. A dried mixture of silver Lee–Meisel colloid NPs and BR/A8-35 complexes give rise to SERS with an average enhancement factor in excess of 102. SERS spectra resemble non-SERS spectra of a dried sample of BR/APol complexes.

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Acknowledgments

We are deeply thankful to Fabrice Giusti (UMR 7099) for synthesizing the amphipols used in the present work. The Raman scattering experiments and UV–Visible absorbance spectroscopy measurements were performed at the ID29S-Cryobench platform of the Grenoble Instruct centre (ISBG; UMS 3518 CNRS-CEA-UJF-EMBL) with support from the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), FRISBI (ANR-10-INSB-05-02) and GRAL (ANR-10-LABX-49-01) within the Grenoble Partnership for Structural Biology (PSB), located next to beamline ID29 of the ESRF. This work was supported by the program “Chaires d’excellence, édition 2008” of the Agence Nationale de la Recherche France, by the Commissariat à l’Énergie Atomique (Institut de Biologie Structurale), by the Helmholtz Gemeinschaft (Research Centre Jülich) Special Topic of Cooperation 5.1 specific agreement, by a Marie Curie grant (Seventh Framework Programme-PEOPLE-2007-1-1-Initial Training Networks, project Structural Biology of Membrane Proteins), by a European Commission Seventh Framework Programme grant for the European Drug Initiative on Channels and Transporters consortium (HEALTH-201924), by the Centre National pour la Recherche Scientifique, by University Paris 7, and by the “Initiative d’Excellence” program of the French State (Grant “DYNAMO,” ANR-11-LABX-0011-01). Vitaly Polovinkin is very grateful to the Fondation Nanosciences for financial support. Part of this work was supported by the German Ministry of Education and Research (PhoNa-Photonic Nanomaterials). We acknowledge support of this work by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (Research projects 13-04-91320 and 13-04-01700), by the Russian program “5Top100” and by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation. This work was supported by ONEXIM, Russia.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Univ. Grenoble Alpes, IBS, 38044, Grenoble, France

    V. Polovinkin, P. Utrobin, A. Royant & V. Gordeliy

  2. CNRS, IBS, 38044, Grenoble, France

    V. Polovinkin, P. Utrobin, A. Royant & V. Gordeliy

  3. CEA, IBS, 38044, Grenoble, France

    V. Polovinkin, P. Utrobin, A. Royant & V. Gordeliy

  4. Laboratory for Advanced Studies of Membrane Proteins, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 141700, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, Russia

    V. Polovinkin, V. Borshchevskiy, V. Chupin & V. Gordeliy

  5. Institute of Complex Systems (ICS), ICS-6: Structural Biochemistry, Research Centre Juelich, 52425, Juelich, Germany

    T. Balandin, O. Volkov, E. Round, V. Borshchevskiy, D. Willbold & V. Gordeliy

  6. Institute of Crystallography, University of Aachen (Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule), 52056, Aachen, Germany

    O. Volkov

  7. European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 38027, Grenoble, France

    D. von Stetten & A. Royant

  8. Institut für Physikalische Biologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany

    D. Willbold

  9. Multi Access Centre “Nanobiophotonics”, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia

    G. Arzumanyan

  10. Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie Moléculaire des Membranes Biologiques, UMR 7099, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique (CNRS FRC 550), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique and Université Paris-7, 13 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005, Paris, France

    J.-L. Popot

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  1. V. Polovinkin
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  2. T. Balandin
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  4. E. Round
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Correspondence to V. Gordeliy.

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Polovinkin, V., Balandin, T., Volkov, O. et al. Nanoparticle Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering of Bacteriorhodopsin Stabilized by Amphipol A8-35. J Membrane Biol 247, 971–980 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00232-014-9701-9

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