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Putative ClC-2 Chloride Channel Mediates Inward Rectification in Drosophila Retinal Photoreceptors

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Abstract

We report that Drosophila retinal photoreceptors express inwardly rectifying chloride channels that seem to be orthologous to mammalian ClC-2 inward rectifier channels. We measured inwardly rectifying Cl− currents in photoreceptor plasma membranes: Hyperpolarization under whole-cell tight-seal voltage clamp induced inward Cl− currents; and hyperpolarization of voltage-clamped inside-out patches excised from plasma membrane induced Cl− currents that have a unitary channel conductance of ∼3.7 pS. The channel was inhibited by 1 mM Zn2+ and by 1 mM 9-anthracene, but was insensitive to DIDS. Its anion permeability sequence is Cl− = SCN−> Br−>> I−, characteristic of ClC-2 channels. Exogenous polyunsaturated fatty acid, linolenic acid, enhanced or activated the inward rectifier Cl− currents in both whole-cell and excised patch-clamp recordings. Using RT-PCR, we found expression in Drosophila retina of a ClC-2 gene orthologous to mammalian ClC-2 channels. Antibodies to rat ClC-2 channels labeled Drosophila photoreceptor plasma membranes and synaptic regions. Our results provide evidence that the inward rectification in Drosophila retinal photoreceptors is mediated by ClC-2-like channels in the non-transducing (extra-rhabdomeral) plasma membrane, and that this inward rectification can be modulated by polyunsaturated fatty acid.

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Acknowledgement

Supported by grant FONDECYT 1040772 (RD), MIDEPLAN ICM P99-031-F (JB), CONICYT Doctoral Thesis grant 2970006 (GU), NIH Grant EY09388 (P.M.O.), a grant from the American Heart Association Oregon Affiliate (P.M.O). G.U. was supported by a CONICYT doctoral fellowship.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile

    G. Ugarte, R. Delgado, C. Vergara & J. Bacigalupo

  2. Cell Dynamics and Biotechnology Research Center,  

    R. Delgado & J. Bacigalupo

  3. Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA

    P.M. O’Day & F. Farjah

  4. Centro de Estudios Científicos (CECS), Valdivia, Chile

    L.P. Cid

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  1. G. Ugarte
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  2. R. Delgado
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  3. P.M. O’Day
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  4. F. Farjah
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  5. L.P. Cid
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  6. C. Vergara
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  7. J. Bacigalupo
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Correspondence to J. Bacigalupo.

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G. Ugarte and R. Delgado contributed equally to this work.

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Ugarte, G., Delgado, R., O’Day, P. et al. Putative ClC-2 Chloride Channel Mediates Inward Rectification in Drosophila Retinal Photoreceptors. J Membrane Biol 207, 151–160 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00232-005-0810-3

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