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Experimental data of solubility at different temperatures: a simple technique

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Abstract

This article describes a simple and inexpensive experimental technique, easy to set-up in a laboratory, for the measurement of solute solubilities in liquids (or gases). Experimental values of solubility were determined for the dissolution of benzoic acid in water, at 293–338 K, of 2-naphthol in water, at 293–373 K, and of salicylic acid in water, at 293–343 K. The experimental results obtained are in good agreement with the theoretical values of solubilities presented in literature. Empirical correlations are presented for the prediction of solubility over the entire range of temperatures studied, and they are shown to give the solubility value with very good accuracy.

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Abbreviations

a :

radius of the active sphere (m)

A :

area of a soluble sphere (m2)

c :

solute concentration (kg/m3)

c 0 :

bulk concentration of solute (kg/m3)

c * :

saturation concentration of solute (kg/m3)

c out :

concentration in the outlet stream (kg/m3)

d :

diameter of inert particles (m)

d 1 :

diameter of active sphere (m)

D :

diameter of test column (m)

D L :

longitudinal dispersion coefficient (m2/s)

D′m :

effective molecular diffusion coefficient (m2 /s)

D T :

transverse (radial) dispersion coefficient (m2/s)

K :

permeability in Darcy’s law (m3s/kg)

k :

average mass transfer coefficient (m/s)

L :

length of test column (m)

n :

number of soluble spheres (–)

p :

pressure (kg/ms2)

Pe′:

peclet number based on diameter of active sphere (= u 0 d 1 /D′m) (–)

Q, Q 1 :

volumetric flowrate (m3/s)

r :

spherical radial coordinate (m)

s :

standard deviations (kg/m3)

S L :

surface area per unit length (m)

T :

temperature (K)

u :

interstitial velocity (vector) (m/s)

u 0 :

absolute value of interstitial velocity far from the active sphere (m/s)

u r , u θ :

components of fluid interstitial velocity (m/s)

ɛ:

bed voidage (–)

ϕ:

potential function (m2/s)

θ:

spherical angular coordinate (rad)

ω:

cylindrical radial coordinate (distance to the axis) (m)

ψ:

stream function (m3/s)

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Acknowledgments

The author wishes to thank Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia for the Grant N° SFRH/BPD/11639/2002.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Engenharia Quìmica, Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal

    J. M. P. Q. Delgado

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  1. J. M. P. Q. Delgado
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Correspondence to J. M. P. Q. Delgado.

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Delgado, J.M.P.Q. Experimental data of solubility at different temperatures: a simple technique. Heat Mass Transfer 43, 1311–1316 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00231-006-0209-4

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