Abstract.
The excited states of a charged particle interacting with the quantized electromagnetic field and an external potential all decay, but such a particle should have a true ground state – one that minimizes the energy and satisfies the Schrödinger equation. We prove quite generally that this state exists for all values of the fine-structure constant and the ultraviolet cutoff. We also show the same thing for a many-particle system under physically natural conditions.
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Oblatum 21-IX-2000 & 8-IV-2001¶Published online: 18 June 2001
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Griesemer, M., Lieb, E. & Loss, M. Ground states in non-relativistic quantum electrodynamics. Invent. math. 145, 557–595 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1007/s002220100159
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s002220100159