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Stimulation of the ventral tegmental area increased nociceptive thresholds and decreased spinal dorsal horn neuronal activity in rat

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Abstract

Deep brain stimulation has been found to be effective in relieving intractable pain. The ventral tegmental area (VTA) plays a role not only in the reward process, but also in the modulation of nociception. Lesions of VTA result in increased pain thresholds and exacerbate pain in several pain models. It is hypothesized that direct activation of VTA will reduce pain experience. In this study, we investigated the effect of direct electrical stimulation of the VTA on mechanical, thermal and carrageenan-induced chemical nociceptive thresholds in Sprague–Dawley rats using our custom-designed wireless stimulator. We found that: (1) VTA stimulation itself did not show any change in mechanical or thermal threshold; and (2) the decreased mechanical and thermal thresholds induced by carrageenan injection in the hind paw contralateral to the stimulation site were significantly reversed by VTA stimulation. To further explore the underlying mechanism of VTA stimulation-induced analgesia, spinal cord dorsal horn neuronal responses to graded mechanical stimuli were recorded. VTA stimulation significantly inhibited dorsal horn neuronal activity in response to pressure and pinch from the paw, but not brush. This indicated that VTA stimulation may have exerted its analgesic effect via descending modulatory pain pathways, possibly through its connections with brain stem structures and cerebral cortex areas.

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported in part by Texas Norman Hackerman Advanced Research Program (003656-0071-2009), Intel Corp, and TxMRC Grant. The authors wish to thank Dr. Amber L. Harris and Dr. Judith A. Strong who assisted in the proofreading of the manuscript.

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  1. Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at Arlington, 501 South Nedderman Drive, P. O. Box 19528, Arlington, TX, 76019-0528, USA

    Ai-Ling Li, Jiny E. Sibi & Yuan Bo Peng

  2. Department of Electrical Engineering, The University of Texas at Arlington, 501 South Nedderman Drive, P. O. Box 19528, Arlington, TX, 76019-0528, USA

    Jung-Chih Chiao

  3. Department of Electronic Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China

    Xiaofei Yang

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  1. Ai-Ling Li
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Correspondence to Yuan Bo Peng.

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Li, AL., Sibi, J.E., Yang, X. et al. Stimulation of the ventral tegmental area increased nociceptive thresholds and decreased spinal dorsal horn neuronal activity in rat. Exp Brain Res 234, 1505–1514 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-016-4558-z

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