Abstract
The current study examined event-related fields (ERFs) evoked by vocal response inhibition in a stimulus-selective stop-signal task. We compared inhibition-related ERFs across a younger and an older group of adults. Behavioural results revealed that stop-signal reaction times (RTs), go-RTs, ignore-stop RTs and failed stop RTs were longer in the older, relative to the younger group by 38, 123, 149 and 116 ms, respectively. The amplitude of the ERF M2 peak (approximately 200 ms after the stop signal) evoked on successful stop trials was larger compared to that evoked on both failed stop and ignore-stop trials. The M4 peak (approximately 450 ms after stop signal) was of larger amplitude in both successful and failed stops compared to ignore-stop trials. In the older group, the M2, M3 and M4 peaks were smaller in amplitude and peaked later in time (by 24, 50 and 76 ms, respectively). We demonstrate that vocal response inhibition-related ERFs exhibit a similar temporal evolution to those previously described for manual response inhibition: an early peak at 200 ms (i.e. M2) that differentiates successful from failed stopping, and a later peak (i.e. M4) that is consistent with a neural marker of response checking and error processing. Across groups, our data support a more general decline of stimulus processing speed with age.
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Notes
The task used by Mullis et al. (1985) consisted of three trial types that each presented a letter sequence: a low probability target (16.7 %), a high probability non-target (67 %) and an unexpected category (16.9 %). Participants had to press a button at the appearance of the low probability target. The task used by Podlesny et al. (1984) was a so-called “respond-withhold” task, which contained two conditions. One condition was very similar to the go/no-go task and another condition was similar to a selective SST.
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This research was supported by Macquarie University Research Excellence Scholarships (MQRES), National Health and Medical Research Council, Australia (#1003760), and the Australian Research Council (DE130100868).
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Leidy J Castro-Meneses and Paul F. Sowman have contributed equally to this work.
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Castro-Meneses, L.J., Johnson, B.W. & Sowman, P.F. Event-related fields evoked by vocal response inhibition: a comparison of younger and older adults. Exp Brain Res 234, 1525–1535 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-016-4555-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-016-4555-2