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Imagined actions in multiple sclerosis patients: evidence of decline in motor cognitive prediction

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Abstract

Motor imagery is a mental process during which subjects internally simulate a movement without any motor output. Mental and actual movement durations are similar in healthy adults (isochrony) while temporal discrepancies (anisochrony) could be an expression of neurological deficits on action representation. It is unclear whether patients with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) preserve the capacity to simulate their own movements. This study investigates the ability of PwMS to predict their own actions by comparing temporal features of dominant and non-dominant actual and mental actions. Fourteen PwMS and nineteen healthy subjects (HS) were asked to execute and to imagine pointing arm movements among four pairs of targets of different sizes. Task duration was calculated for both actual and mental movements by an optoelectronic device. Results showed temporal consistency and target-by-target size modulation in actual movements through the four cycles for both groups with significantly longer actual and mental movement durations in PwMS with respect to HS. An index of performance (IP) was used to examine actual/mental isochrony properties in the two groups. Statistical analysis on IP showed in PwMS significantly longer actual movement durations with respect to mental movement durations (anisochrony), more relevant for the non-dominant than dominant arm. Mental prediction of motor actions is not well preserved in MS where motor and cognitive functional changes are present. Differences in performing imagined task with dominant and non-dominant arm could be related to increased cognitive effort required for performing non-dominant movements.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Scientific Research Area, Italian Multiple Sclerosis Foundation (FISM), Via Operai 40, 16149, Genoa, Italy

    Andrea Tacchino, Ludovico Pedullà & Giampaolo Brichetto

  2. Section of Human Physiology, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy

    Marco Bove

  3. Department of Physiopathology, Experimental Medicine and Public Health, University of Siena, Siena, Italy

    Mario Alberto Battaglia

  4. UFR STAPS, INSERM U1093 Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France

    Charalambos Papaxanthis

  5. UFR STAPS, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France

    Charalambos Papaxanthis

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  1. Andrea Tacchino
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  2. Marco Bove
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  3. Ludovico Pedullà
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  4. Mario Alberto Battaglia
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  5. Charalambos Papaxanthis
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  6. Giampaolo Brichetto
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Correspondence to Giampaolo Brichetto.

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Tacchino, A., Bove, M., Pedullà, L. et al. Imagined actions in multiple sclerosis patients: evidence of decline in motor cognitive prediction. Exp Brain Res 229, 561–570 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-013-3617-y

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