Skip to main content
Log in

Dual-task performance during a climbing traverse

  • Research Article
  • Published:
Experimental Brain Research Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

High-angle climbing is a physically and cognitively challenging activity. Whilst researchers have examined the physiological demands of climbing, the cognitive demands have been relatively neglected. In this experiment, we examined the performance of climbers when required to perform a dual climbing and word memory task, relative to single-task performance (word memory or climbing alone). Whilst there was no significant decrease in climbing distance during the dual-task condition, climbing efficiency was impaired, as was word recall. Participants’ Energetic Arousal, Tense Arousal and Task-unrelated Thoughts (TUTs) all changed dependent on the condition, with arousal increasing after the climbing conditions, and TUTs decreasing after the memory-load conditions. These results could be expanded on in future research to examine the physical and cognitive demands of high-angle climbing in greater detail.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Beilock SL, Carr TH, MacMahon C, Starkes JL (2002a) When paying attention becomes counterproductive: impact of divided versus skill-focused attention on novice and experienced performance of sensorimotor skills. J Exp Psychol Appl 8:6–16

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Beilock SL, Wierenga SA, Carr TH (2002b) Expertise, attention, and memory in sensorimotor skill execution: impact of novel task constraints on dual-task performance and episodic memory. Q J Exp Psychol 55A:1211–1240

    Google Scholar 

  • Bourdin C, Teasdale N, Nougier V (1998) Attentional demands and the organization of reaching movements in rock climbing. Res Q Exer Sport 69:406–410

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brent S, Draper N, Hodgson C, Blackwell G (2009) Development of a performance assessment tool for rock climbers. Eur J Sport Sci 9:159–167

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brisswalter J, Collardeau M, René A (2002) Effects of acute physical exercise characteristics on cognitive performance. Sports Med 32:555–566

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Draper N, Jones GA, Fryer S, Hodgson C, Blackwell G (2008) Effect of an on-sight lead on the physiological and psychological responses to rock climbing. J Sports Sci Med 7:492–498

    Google Scholar 

  • Draper N, Jones GA, Fryer S, Hodgson C, Blackwell G (2010) Physiological and psychological responses to lead and top rope climbing for intermediate rock climbers. Eur J Sport Sci 10:13–20

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ferrand C, Tetrard S, Fontayne P (2006) Self-handicapping in rock climbing: a qualitative approach. J of Appl Sport Psychol 18:271–280

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gage WH, Sleik RJ, Polych MA, McKenzie NC, Brown LA (2003) The allocation of attention during locomotion is altered by anxiety. Exp Brain Res 150:385–394

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hardy L, Hutchinson A (2007) Effects of performance anxiety on effort and performance in rock climbing: a test of processing efficiency theory. Anxiety Stress Coping 20:147–161

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Helton WS, Russell PN (2011) Working memory load and the vigilance decrement. Exp Brain Res 212:429–437

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Helton WS, Warm JS (2008) Signal salience and the mindlessness theory of vigilance. Acta Psychol 129:18–25

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Helton WS, Dember WN, Warm JS, Matthews G (2000) Optimism, pessimism, and false failure feedback: effects on vigilance performance. Curr Psychol 18:311–325

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Helton WS, Matthews G, Warm JS (2009) Stress state mediation between environmental variables and performance: the case of noise and vigilance. Acta Psychol 130:204–213

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Helton WS, Warm JS, Tripp LD, Matthews G, Parasuraman R, Hancock PA (2010) Cerebral lateralization of vigilance: a function of task difficulty. Neuropsychol 48:1683–1688

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hodgson CI, Draper N, McMorris T, Jones G, Fryer S, Coleman I (2009) Perceived anxiety and plasma cortisol concentrations following rock climbing with differing safety rope protocols. Br J Sports Med 43:531–535

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lindenberger U, Marsiske M, Baltes PB (2000) Memorizing while walking: increase in dual-task costs from young adulthood to old age. Psychol Aging 15:417–436

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Matthews G, Joyner L, Gilliland K, Huggins J, Falconer S (1999) Validation of a comprehensive stress state questionnaire: towards a state big three? In: Merville I, Deary IJ, DeFruyt F, Ostendorf F (eds) Personality psychology in Europe. Tilburg University Press, Tilburg, pp 335–350

    Google Scholar 

  • Matthews G, Campbell SE, Falconer S, Joyner LA, Huggins J, Gilliand K (2002) Fundamental dimensions of subjective state in performance settings: task engagement, distress, and worry. Emot 2:315–340

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Morrison AB, Schöffl VR (2007) Physiological responses to rock climbing in young climbers. Br J Sports Med 41:852–861

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nieuwenhuys A, Pijpers JR, Oudejans RRD, Bakker FC (2008) The influence of anxiety on visual attention in climbing. J of Sport Exer Psychol 30:171–185

    Google Scholar 

  • Paivio A, Yuille JC, Madigan SA (1968) Concreteness, imagery, and meaningfulness values for 925 nouns. J Exp Psychol 76:21–25

    Google Scholar 

  • Pijpers JR, Oudejans RRD, Holsheimer F, Bakker FC (2003) Anxiety–performance relationships in climbing: a process-oriented approach. Psychol Sport Exer 4:283–304

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pijpers JR, Oudejans RRD, Bakker FC (2005) Anxiety-induced changes in movement behavior during the execution of a complex whole-body task. Q J Exper Psychol 58A:421–445

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rogosa D (1995) Myths and methods: myths about longitudinal research plus supplemental questions. In: Gottman JM (ed) The analysis of change. Erlbaum, Mahwah, pp 3–66

    Google Scholar 

  • Schaefer S, Lovden M, Wieckhorst B, Lindenberger U (2010) Cognitive performance is improved while walking: differences in cognitive-sensorimotor couplings between children and young adults. Eur J Dev Psychol 7:371–389

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sheel AW (2004) Physiology of sport rock climbing. Br J Sports Med 38:355–359

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shumway-Cook A, Woollacott M, Kerns KA, Baldwin M (1997) The effects of two types of cognitive tasks on postural stability in older adults with and without a history of falls. J Gerontol A Bio Sci Med Sci 52:232–240

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Siu KC, Catena RD, Chou LS, Donkelaar P, Woollacott MH (2008) Effects of a secondary task on obstacle avoidance in healthy young adults. Exp Brain Res 184:115–120

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sparrow WA, Bradshaw EJ, Lamoureux E, Tirosh O (2002) Ageing effects on the attention demands of walking. Hum Mov Sci 21:961–972

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stevenson H, Russell PN, Helton WS (in press) Search asymmetry, sustained attention and response inhibition. Brain Cogn

  • Szalma JL, Hancock PA, Dember WN, Warm JS (2006) Training for vigilance: the effect of knowledge of results format and dispositional optimism and pessimism on performance and stress. Br J Psychol 97:115–135

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tomporowski PD (2003) Effects of acute bouts of exercise on cognition. Acta Psychol 112:297–324

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wickens CD (2008) Multiple resources and mental workload. Hum Factors 50:449–455

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Yogev-Seligmann G, Rotem-Galili Y, Mirelman A, Dickstein R, Giladi N, Hausdorff JM (2010) How does explicit prioritization alter walking during dual-task performance? Effects of age and sex on gait speed and variability. Phys Ther 90:177–186

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

We would like to thank Dr. Nick Draper from the University of Canterbury for his input and suggestions, and Kelvin Eder from the University of Canterbury Recreation Centre for use of the climbing facility.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to William S. Helton.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Green, A.L., Helton, W.S. Dual-task performance during a climbing traverse. Exp Brain Res 215, 307–313 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-011-2898-2

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-011-2898-2

Keywords

Navigation