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A spinal pathway between synergists can modulate activity in human elbow flexor muscles

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Abstract

Electrical stimulation of the brachioradialis branch of the radial nerve has been shown to inhibit the discharge of voluntarily activated motor units in biceps brachii during weak contractions with the elbow flexor muscles. The purpose of the present study was to characterise the inhibitory reflex by comparing its strength in the short and long heads of the biceps brachii and examining the influence of forearm position on the strength of the reflex. Spike-triggered stimulation was used to assess the influence of radial nerve stimulation on the discharge of single motor units in the biceps brachii of 15 subjects. Stimulation of the radial nerve prolonged the interspike interval (P < 0.001) of motor units in the long (n = 31, 4.8 ± 5.6 ms) and short heads (n = 26, 8.1 ± 12.3 ms) of biceps brachii with no difference between the two heads (P = 0.11). The strength of inhibition varied with forearm position for motor units in both heads (n = 18, P < 0.05). The amount of inhibition was greatest in pronation (7.9 ± 8.9 ms), intermediate in neutral (5.8 ± 7.1 ms), and least in supination (2.8 ± 3.4 ms). These findings indicate that the inhibition evoked by afferent feedback from brachioradialis to low-threshold motor units (mean force 3–5% MVC) in biceps brachii varied with forearm posture yet was similar for the two heads of biceps brachii. This reflex pathway provides a mechanism to adjust the activation of biceps brachii with changes in forearm position, and represents a spinal basis for a muscle synergy in humans.

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Acknowledgments

Brian J. Paulson, Elizabeth Terry, and Kristin E. Taylor assisted with data collection and analysis. This research was supported by NIH/NINDS NS43275 to RME.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA

    Benjamin K. Barry, Zachary A. Riley, Michael A. Pascoe & Roger M. Enoka

  2. School of Medical Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia

    Benjamin K. Barry

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  1. Benjamin K. Barry
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  2. Zachary A. Riley
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  3. Michael A. Pascoe
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  4. Roger M. Enoka
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Correspondence to Benjamin K. Barry.

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Barry, B.K., Riley, Z.A., Pascoe, M.A. et al. A spinal pathway between synergists can modulate activity in human elbow flexor muscles. Exp Brain Res 190, 347–359 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-008-1479-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-008-1479-5

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