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Determination of phthalate esters in non-alcoholic beverages by GC–MS and optimization of the extraction conditions

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Abstract

A quantificational method for 7 phthalate esters in non-alcoholic beverages was developed. Dimethyl phthalate, di-ethyl phthalate, di-propyl phthalate (DPP), di-butyl phthalate (DBP), benzyl butyl phthalate, di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), and di-octyl phthalate (DOP) were extracted from non-alcoholic beverages with the optimized solid-phase extraction method, and quantification was achieved by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry with isotope internal standard of d4-di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP-d4). The inter-day method repeatability (RSD) was 8–13 %, whereas the intra-day method repeatability (RSD) was 9–15 %. The mean spiking recoveries were 84–105 %. A wide variety of phthalate concentrations was observed in 48 non-alcoholic beverages. DEHP was the most abundant phthalate compound followed by DBP, DPP, and DOP. DEHP was found in sport drinks (0.015–0.098 mg L−1), tea (0.016–0.123 mg L−1), coffee (0.028–0.159 mg L−1), and fruit juices (0.022–0.126 mg L−1).

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (863 Program, No. 2012AA101603); we are thankful to China National Center For Food Safety Risk Assessment for the technical advice.

Conflict of interest

None.

Compliance with Ethics Requirements

This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Binsheng Road No. 3399, Hangzhou, 310051, China

    Ping-Gu Wu, Xiao-Dong Pan, Bing-Jie Ma, Li-Yuan Wang & Jin Zhang

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  1. Ping-Gu Wu
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  2. Xiao-Dong Pan
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  3. Bing-Jie Ma
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  4. Li-Yuan Wang
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  5. Jin Zhang
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Correspondence to Xiao-Dong Pan.

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Wu, PG., Pan, XD., Ma, BJ. et al. Determination of phthalate esters in non-alcoholic beverages by GC–MS and optimization of the extraction conditions. Eur Food Res Technol 238, 607–612 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00217-013-2139-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00217-013-2139-y

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