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Effects of diet on casein and fatty acid profiles of milk from goats differing in genotype for αS1-casein synthesis

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Abstract

This study investigated the interactions between nutrition and the genotype at αS1-CN loci (CSN1S1) in goats, evaluating the impact of fresh forage-based diets and an energy supplement on the casein and fatty acid (FA) profiles of milk from Girgentana goats. Twelve goats were selected for having the same genotype at the αS2-CN, β-CN, and κ-CN loci and differing in the CSN1S1 genotype: homozygous for strong alleles (AA) or heterozygous for strong and weak alleles (AF). Goats of each genotype were divided into three groups and, according to a 3 × 3 Latin square design, fed ad libitum three diets: sulla fresh forage (SFF), SFF plus 800 g/day of barley (SFB), and mixed hay plus 800 g/day of barley (MHB). The SFB diet led to higher-energy intake and milk yield. The energy-supplemented diets (SFB, MHB) reduced milk fat and urea and increased coagulation time. The fresh forage diets (SFF, SFB) increased dry matter (DM) and crude protein (CP) intake and milk β-CN. Diet had a more pronounced effect than CSN1S1 genotype on milk FA profile, which was healthier from goats fed the SFF diet, due to the higher content of rumenic acid, polyunsaturated, and omega-3 FAs. The AA milk had longer coagulation time and higher curd firmness, higher short- and medium-chain FAs (SMFA), and lower oleic acid than AF milk. Significant diet by genotype interactions indicated the higher milk yield of AA goats than AF goats with the higher-energy SFB diet and the lower synthesis of SMFA in AF than in AA goats with the SFF diet.

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Acknowledgments

This research was supported by the Italian Ministry of Education, University and Research (MIUR) (Project of High National Interest PRIN 2007B4JBWN “Genetic polymorphism of caseins in goats. Effects of feeding on milk production and quality, feed intake, metabolic and hormonal responses in goats at different genetic potential to produce casein”).

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None.

Compliance with Ethics Requirements

During the experiment, the goats were managed according to the guidelines for accommodation and care of experimental animals of the European Union Directive 86/609/EEC and the recommendation of the Commission of the European Communities 2007/526/EC.

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  1. Dipartimento Scienze Agrarie e Forestali, settore di Produzioni Animali, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 90128, Palermo, Italy

    Adriana Bonanno, Antonino Di Grigoli, Maria Montalbano, Vincenzo Bellina, Francesca Mazza & Massimo Todaro

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  1. Adriana Bonanno
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  2. Antonino Di Grigoli
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  3. Maria Montalbano
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  4. Vincenzo Bellina
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  5. Francesca Mazza
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Correspondence to Adriana Bonanno.

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Bonanno, A., Di Grigoli, A., Montalbano, M. et al. Effects of diet on casein and fatty acid profiles of milk from goats differing in genotype for αS1-casein synthesis. Eur Food Res Technol 237, 951–963 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00217-013-2069-8

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