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Accumulation of γ-aminobutyric acid in germinated soybean (Glycine max L.) in relation to glutamate decarboxylase and diamine oxidase activity induced by additives under hypoxia

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Abstract

High levels of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) accumulate in plant tissues under various stresses and exogenous additives. The purpose of this research is to provide an effective finding that can prove a rapid accumulation of GABA in germinated soybean (Glycine max L.) in response to different additives under hypoxia. Hypoxia-induced GABA accumulation in soybean embryo resulted in part from polyamine oxidation. Response to different concentration of glutamate (Glu), pyridoxal phosphate, arginine, CuCl2, NaCl, and CaCl2, a significant difference including GABA accumulation, changes of Glutamate decarboxylase (GAD), and Diamine oxidase activity (DAO) activity in germinated soybean under hypoxia occurred (p < 0.05) and the maximum accumulation of GABA were 4.07, 3.02, 3.50, 3.26, 4.00, and 3.30 g kg−1 DW respectively, which were significantly higher than those germinated soybean under normal culture (CK) and hypoxia culture (CK0) (p < 0.05). The GAD and DAO have different distributions in cotyledon and embryo of germinated soybean, and the enzyme activity mainly located in embryo of germinated soybean. Germinated soybean is a good resource of GABA-rich food. Different additives have significant effects on GABA production, among which Glu and NaCl are ideal material for GABA accumulation.

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Acknowledgments

This study was financially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China (31071581) and the fundamental research funds for the central universities (KYZ200917).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People’s Republic of China

    Yuanxin Guo, Runqiang Yang, Hui Chen, Yu Song & Zhenxin Gu

  2. College of Food and Drug, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, 233100, People’s Republic of China

    Yuanxin Guo

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  1. Yuanxin Guo
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  2. Runqiang Yang
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Correspondence to Zhenxin Gu.

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Guo, Y., Yang, R., Chen, H. et al. Accumulation of γ-aminobutyric acid in germinated soybean (Glycine max L.) in relation to glutamate decarboxylase and diamine oxidase activity induced by additives under hypoxia. Eur Food Res Technol 234, 679–687 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00217-012-1678-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00217-012-1678-y

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