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Flavonoids and furocoumarins distribution of unripe chinotto (Citrus × myrtifolia Rafinesque) fruit: beverage processing homogenate and juice characterization

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Abstract

The present study reports for the first time qualitative and quantitative data about flavonoids and furocoumarins distribution of unripe Citrus × myrtifolia Rafinesque homogenate, used as ingredient of the popular soft drink Chinotto. No data are available in literature about the chemical characterization of flavonoids and furocoumarins of the chinotto homogenate used to produce the industrial extract. Samples for analysis were therefore processed to better reproduce the crude materials used to obtain industrial chinotto extract: the whole fruits were cut in half, seeds removed, softly squeezed discarding part of the juice, and homogenized in small pieces. The polyphenolics separation was made by HPLC–PDA detector coupled to ESI/MS/MS in positive and negative mode. It has allowed the identification and relative quantification of 16 compounds, among which the flavone-C-glycoside lucenin-2, the 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl flavanone glycoside melitidin and five polymethoxylated flavones have been detected for the first time in Citrus × myrtifolia. The flavonoids and furocoumarins distribution was compared with one of the Citrus × myrtifolia juice, and the antioxidant activity of both samples was assessed by ORAC (Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity)-fluorescein assay.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank Dr. Aldo Todaro (University of Catania) for his valuable help in the determination of the antioxidant activity.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Dipartimento dell’Ispettorato Centrale della Tutela della Qualità e della Repressione Frodi dei Prodotti Agroalimentari (ICQRF), Laboratorio di Catania, Ministero delle Politiche Agricole Alimentari e Forestali, Via A. Volta 19, 95122, Catania, Italy

    Monica Scordino, Leonardo Sabatino & Giacomo Gagliano

  2. Dipartimento di Scienze delle Produzioni Agrarie e Alimentari (DISPA), Sezione Scienze Agrochimiche, Università degli Studi di Catania, Via S. Sofia 98, 95123, Catania, Italy

    Monica Scordino & Adalgisa Belligno

Authors
  1. Monica Scordino
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  2. Leonardo Sabatino
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  3. Adalgisa Belligno
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  4. Giacomo Gagliano
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Correspondence to Monica Scordino.

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Scordino, M., Sabatino, L., Belligno, A. et al. Flavonoids and furocoumarins distribution of unripe chinotto (Citrus × myrtifolia Rafinesque) fruit: beverage processing homogenate and juice characterization. Eur Food Res Technol 233, 759–767 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00217-011-1575-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00217-011-1575-9

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