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Effect of cooking time and ingredients on the performance of different starches in white sauces

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Abstract

The effect of white sauce ingredients and increased cooking time at 90 °C on the degree of gelatinization of corn, waxy corn, rice, potato and modified waxy corn starches was studied. The changes in pasting properties, linear viscoelastic properties, and microstructure were determined. In all the native starches in water, a longer cooking time at 90 °C caused greater starch granule swelling and more leaching of solubilized starch polymers into the intergranular space. These effects were more noticeable in the waxy corn and potato starches. The potato starch was the most affected, with complete disruption of the starch granules after 300 s at 90 °C. The microstructural changes which transformed a system characterized by starch granules dispersed in a continuous phase (amylose/amylopectin matrix) into a system with an increase in the continuous phase and a decrease in starch granules were associated with a decrease in system viscoelasticity. The elastic moduli were higher in the sauce than in the starch in water system. However, with the exception of potato starch, the white sauce showed lower viscoelasticity than the starch in water system. The white sauce ingredients decreased the effect of cooking time on the starch gelatinization process, particularly in potato starch.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation for financial support (AGL 2006-11653-C02-01) and to Cargill and Ferrer Alimentación for the kind supply of the starch and hydrocolloid samples. They also wish to thank Mary Georgina Hardinge for assistance with the English manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (CSIC), Avda. Agustín Escardino, 7, 46980, Paterna (Valencia), Spain

    Amparo Arocas, Teresa Sanz & Susana M. Fiszman

  2. Dpto. de Tecnología de Alimentos, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Cno. de Vera 14, 46022, Valencia, Spain

    María Hernández-Carrión & María Isabel Hernando

Authors
  1. Amparo Arocas
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  2. Teresa Sanz
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  3. María Hernández-Carrión
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  4. María Isabel Hernando
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  5. Susana M. Fiszman
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Correspondence to Teresa Sanz.

Additional information

Amparo Arocas—this work is part of a Ph.D. dissertation.

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Arocas, A., Sanz, T., Hernández-Carrión, M. et al. Effect of cooking time and ingredients on the performance of different starches in white sauces. Eur Food Res Technol 231, 395–405 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00217-010-1289-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00217-010-1289-4

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