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Application of capillary electrophoresis with electrokinetic supercharging and sweeping for the on-line preconcentration of phenolic acids

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Abstract

Phenolic acids are natural antioxidants. Many studies have confirmed that these compounds can reduce the risk of developing chronic diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and certain cancers. In this work, we developed a rapid and efficient capillary electrophoresis method with an on-line preconcentration technique that could be used to simultaneously analyze 10 commonly found phenolic acids in plants. Briefly, phosphate buffer solution (pH 2) was filled into an uncoated fused silica capillary as the leading electrolyte, and then samples which were prepared in borate buffer (as the terminating ion) were loaded by electrokinetic injection (–10 kV, 900 s). After sample injection, both ends of the capillary were switched to the vial containing phosphate buffer with sodium dodecyl sulfate. The separation was then performed in micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) mode at –20 kV. During the method validation, the correlation coefficient of the regression curve was measured as greater than 0.997 and the relative standard deviation and relative error were lower than 9.63 % and 4.7 %, respectively. The limits of detection (LODs, S/N = 3) of these 10 analytes ranged from 0.01 to 2.5 ng/mL. Compared with the conventional capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) method, the sensitivity for the analytes could be increased up to 25,000-fold. The method that we developed here was applied successfully to the detection of phenolic acids in fruit juices.

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Acknowledgments

The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of the Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan (NSC 102-2113-M-039 -002-) and China Medical University (CMU100-N1-02-01) in funding this work.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, No. 91, Hsueh-Shih Rd., Taichung, 40402, Taiwan

    Yi-Hui Lin, Hsin-Chieh Huang & Wan-Ling Hsu

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  1. Yi-Hui Lin
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  2. Hsin-Chieh Huang
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  3. Wan-Ling Hsu
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Correspondence to Yi-Hui Lin.

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Lin, YH., Huang, HC. & Hsu, WL. Application of capillary electrophoresis with electrokinetic supercharging and sweeping for the on-line preconcentration of phenolic acids. Anal Bioanal Chem 407, 7093–7100 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-015-8869-x

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