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Integrated biological–chemical approach for the isolation and selection of polyaromatic mutagens in surface waters

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Abstract

Many environmental mutagens, including polyaromatic compounds are present in surface waters, often in complex mixtures and at low concentrations. The present study provides and applies a novel, integrated approach to isolate polyaromatic mutagens in river water using a sample from the River Elbe. The sample was taken downstream of industrial discharges using blue rayon (BR) as a passive sampler that selectively adsorbs polyaromatic compounds and was subjected to effect-directed fractionation in order to characterise the compounds causing the detected effect(s). The procedure relies on three complementary fractionation steps, the Ames fluctuation assay with strains TA98, YG1024 and YG1041 with and without S9 activation and analytical screening. Several mutagenic fractions were isolated by combining mutagenicity testing with fractionation. The enhanced mutagenicity in the nitroreductase and/or O-acetyltransferase overexpressing strains YG1024 and YG1041 strains suggested amino- and/or nitro-compounds causing mutagenicity in several fractions. Analytical screening of mutagenic fractions with LC-HRMS/MS provided a list of molecular formulas typically containing one to ten nitrogen and at least two oxygen atoms supporting the presence of amino and nitro-compounds in the mutagenic fractions.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the European Commission through the Marie Curie Research Training Network KEYBIOEFFECTS (contract number MRTN-CT-2006-035695). The authors would like to thank M. Petre, R. Pfänder and I. Löffler for performing the Ames Fluctuation tests, A. Sperreuter for her technical help in the HPLC laboratories, P. Juradja and his group for helping and collecting the sample, and G. Streck for organising the sampling campaign.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, 901 87, Umeå, Sweden

    Christine M. J. Gallampois

  2. Department of Effect-Directed Analysis, UFZ—Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Permoserstr. 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany

    Christine M. J. Gallampois, Martin Krauss & Werner Brack

  3. Eawag—Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 133, 8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland

    Emma L. Schymanski

  4. Abu Dhabi Men’s College, P.O. Box 25035, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates

    Mahmoud Bataineh

  5. BfG—German Federal Institute of Hydrology, Am Mainzer Tor 1, 56068, Koblenz, Germany

    Sebastian Buchinger & Georg Reifferscheid

Authors
  1. Christine M. J. Gallampois
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  2. Emma L. Schymanski
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  3. Mahmoud Bataineh
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  4. Sebastian Buchinger
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  5. Martin Krauss
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  6. Georg Reifferscheid
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  7. Werner Brack
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Werner Brack.

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Gallampois, C.M.J., Schymanski, E.L., Bataineh, M. et al. Integrated biological–chemical approach for the isolation and selection of polyaromatic mutagens in surface waters. Anal Bioanal Chem 405, 9101–9112 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-013-7349-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-013-7349-4

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