Abstract
Novel ultrasonically enhanced supramolecular solvent microextraction (USESSM) then high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection have been used for extraction and determination of phthalates in water and cosmetics. Coacervates consisting of decanoic acid-based nano-structured aggregates, specifically reverse micelles, have been used the first time as solvents for ultrasound-assisted emulsification microextraction (USAEME). Sonication accelerated mass transfer of the target analytes into the nano-structured solvent from the aqueous sample, thus reducing extraction time. Several conditions affecting extraction efficiency, for example the concentrations of major components of the supramolecular solvent (tetrahydrofuran and decanoic acid), sample solution pH, salt addition, and ultrasonication time, were investigated and optimized. Under the optimum conditions, preconcentration of the analytes ranged from 176 to 412-fold and the linear range was 0.5–100 μg L−1, with correlation coefficients (R 2) ≥ 0.9984. The detection sensitivity of the method was excellent, with limits of detection (LOD, S/N = 3) in the range 0.10–0.70 μg L−1 and precision in the range 4.1–11.7 % (RSD, n = 5). This method was successfully used for analysis of phthalates in water and cosmetics, with good recovery of spiked phthalates (91.0–108.5 %).
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Staples CA, Peterson DR, Parkerton TF, Adams WJ (1997) Chemosphere 35:667–749
Gomez-Hens A, Aguilar-Caballos MP (2003) Trends Anal Chem 22:847–857
Serodio P, Nogueira JMF (2006) Water Res 40:2572–2582
Feng Y, Zhua J, Sensenstein R (2005) Anal Chim Acta 538:41–48
Jen JF, Liu TC (2006) J Chromatogr A 1130:28–33
Liang P, Xu J, Li Q (2009) Anal Chim Acta 609:53–58
Balafas D, Shaw KJ, Whitfield FB (1999) Food Chem 65:279–287
Huber WW, Grasl-Kraupp B, Schulte-Hermann R (1996) Crit Rev Toxicol 26:365–481
Mylchreest E, Cattley RC, Foster PMD (1998) Toxicol Sci 43:47–60
Agarwal DK, Eustis S, Lamb IJC, Reel JR, Kluwe WM (1986) Environ Health Perspect 65:343–350
USEPA (1991) National Primary Drinking Water Regulations, Federal Register. US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC
Xu Q, Yin X, Wu S, Wang M, Wen Z, Gu Z (2010) Microchim Acta 168:267–275
Batlle R, Nerìn C (2004) J Chromatogr A 1045:29–35
Sablayrolles C, Montréjaud-Vignoles M, Benanou D, Patria L, Treilhou M (2005) J Chromatogr A 1072:233–242
Kotowska UK, Garbowska VI (2006) Anal Chim Acta 560:110–117
Cano JM, Marín ML, Sánchez A, Hernandis ML (2002) J Chromatogr A 963:401–409
Polo M, Llompart M, Garcia-Jares C, Cela R (2005) J Chromatogr A 1072:63–72
Peñalver A, Pocurull E, Borrull F, Marcé RM (2001) J Chromatogr A 922:377–384
Brossa L, Marcé RM, Borrull F, Pocurull E (2003) J Chromatogr A 998:41–50
Holadová K, Prokůpková G, Hajšlová J, Poustka J (2007) Anal Chim Acta 582:24–33
Zhu J (2006) Environ Sci Technol 40:5276–5281
Watanabe H, Tanaka H (1978) Talanta 25:585–589
Ruiz FJ, Rubio S, Pérez-Bendito D (2007) Anal Chem 79:7473–7484
Costi EM, Sicilia MD, Rubio S (2010) J Chromatogr A 1217:1447–1454
García-Fonseca S, Ballesteros-Gómez A, Rubio S, Pérez-Bendito D (2010) J Chromatogr A 1217:2376–2382
Ballesteros-Gómez A, Rubio S, Pérez-Bendito D (2009) J Chromatogr A 1216:530–539
López-Jiménez FJ, Rubio S, Pérez-Bendito D (2010) Food Chem 121:763–769
Costi EM, Sicilia MD, Rubio S (2010) J Chromatogr A 1217:6250–6257
Ballesteros-Gómez A, Rubio S, Pérez-Bendito D (2008) J Chromatogr A 1203:168–176
Jafarvand S, Shemirani F (2011) J Sep Sci 34:455–461
Cardeñosa V, Lunar ML, Rubio S (2011) J Chromatogr A 1218:8996–9002
Mason TJ (1999) Sonochemistry. Oxford University Press, New York
Priego CF, Luque MD (2007) Anal Bioanal Chem 387:249–257
Regueiro J, Llompart M, Garcia JC, Garcia MJC, Cela R (2008) J Chromatogr A 1190:27–38
Dorshow RB, Bunton CA, Nicoli DF (1983) J Phys Chem 87:1409–1416
Huang X, Han Y, Wang Y, Cao M, Wang Y (2008) Colloids Surf A 325:26–32
Basheer C, Lee HK (2004) J Chromatogr A 1057:163–167
Liang P, Xu J, Li Q (2008) Anal Chim Acta 609:53–57
Yan H, Cheng X, Liu B (2011) J Chromatogr B 879:2507–2512
Ling W, Gui-bin J, Ya-qi C, Bin H, Ya-wei W, Da-zhong S (2007) J Environ Sci 19:874–878
Cao XL (2010) Compr Rev Food Sci F 9:21–43
Acknowledgement
The authors are grateful for financial support of this work by the Tarbiat Modares University and National Elites Foundation, Iran.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Electronic supplementary material
Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.
ESM 1
(PDF 111 kb)
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Moradi, M., Yamini, Y., Tayyebi, M. et al. Ultrasound-assisted liquid-phase microextraction based on a nanostructured supramolecular solvent. Anal Bioanal Chem 405, 4235–4243 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-013-6810-8
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-013-6810-8