Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Current status of hyphenated mass spectrometry in studies of the metabolism of drugs of abuse, including doping agents

  • Review
  • Published:
Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This paper reviews scientific contributions on the identification and/or quantification of metabolites of drugs of abuse in in vitro assays or various body samples using hyphenated mass spectrometry. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) as well as liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS) approaches are considered and discussed if they have been reported in the last five years and are relevant to clinical and forensic toxicology or doping control. Workup and artifact formation are discussed, and typical examples of studies of the metabolism of designer drugs, doping agents, herbal drugs, and synthetic cannabinoids are provided. Procedures for quantifying metabolites in body samples for pharmacokinetic studies or in enzyme incubations for enzyme kinetic studies are also reviewed. In conclusion, the reviewed papers showed that both GC-MS and LC-MS still have important roles to play in research into the metabolism of drugs of abuse, including doping agents.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4

Similar content being viewed by others

Abbreviations

2C-I:

4-Iodo-2,5-dimethoxy-beta-phenethylamine

2C-T-2:

2,5-Dimethoxy-4-ethylthio-beta-phenethylamine

AC:

Acetylation

AEME:

Anhydroecgonine methyl ester

APCI:

Atmospheric pressure chemical ionization

BDB:

Benzodioxolyl-butanamine

CID:

Collision-induced dissociation

CYP:

Cytochrome P450

DOA:

Drugs of abuse

DOB:

4-Bromo-2,5-dimethoxyamphetamine

DOC:

4-Chloro-2,5-dimethoxyamphetamine

DOI:

4-Iodo-2,5-dimethoxyamphetamine

EDDP:

2-Ethylidene-1,5-dimethyl-3,3-diphenylpyrrolidine

EI:

Electron ionization

EMDP:

2-Ethyl-5-methyl-3,3-diphenylpyrroline

ESI:

Electrospray ionization

GC:

Gas chromatography

GC-MS:

Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry

GHB:

Gamma-hydroxybutyric acid

HFB:

Heptafluorobutyrilation

HRMS:

High-resolution mass spectrometry

LC:

Liquid chromatography

LC-MS:

Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry

LIT:

Linear ion trap

LLE:

Liquid–liquid extraction

MBDB:

Methylbenzodioxolylbutanamine

MDA:

3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine

MDEA:

3,4-Methylenedioxyethylamphetamine

MDMA:

3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine

MDOB:

4-Bromo-2,5-dimethoxymethamphetamine

MDPV:

Methylenedioxypyrovalerone

MPBP:

4-Methylpyrrolidinobutyrophenone

MS:

Mass spectrometry

MS/MS:

Tandem mass spectrometry

NICI:

Negative-ion chemical ionization

ODT:

O-demethyl tramadol

PCEEA:

N-(1-phenylcyclohexyl)-2-ethoxyethanamine

PCEPA:

N-(1-phenylcyclohexyl)-3-ethoxypropanamine

PCMEA:

N-(1-phenylcyclohexyl)-2-methoxyethanamine

PCMPA:

N-(1-phenylcyclohexyl)-3-methoxypropanamine

PICI:

Positive-ion chemical ionization

PMMA:

P-methoxymethamphetamine

PP:

Protein precipitation

Q:

Quadrupole

QTOF:

Quadrupole–time-of-flight hybrid

QTRAP:

Quadrupole–linear ion trap hybrid

RI:

Retention index

S-HFBPCl:

S-heptafluorobutyrylprolyl chloride

SPE:

Solid-phase extraction

TFA:

Trifluoroacetylation

TMA-2:

2,4,5-Trimethoxyamphetamine

TMS:

Trimethylsilylation

TOF:

Time of flight

UGT:

Uridine-5′-diphosphoglucuronosyltransferases

References

  1. Maurer HH (2010) Ther Drug Monit 32:544–549

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Meyer MR, Maurer HH (2010) Curr Drug Metab 11:468–482

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Wohlfarth A, Weinmann W (2010) Bioanalysis 2:965–979

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Antia U, Tingle MD, Russell BR (2009) J Pharm Pharmacol 61:877–882

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Nakagawa Y, Suzuki T, Tayama S, Ishii H, Ogata A (2009) Arch Toxicol 83:69–80

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Balikova M (2005) Forensic Sci Int 153:85–91

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Austin H, Monasterio E (2004) Australas Psychiatry 12:406–408

    Google Scholar 

  8. Maurer HH, Kraemer T, Springer D, Staack RF (2004) Ther Drug Monit 26:127–131

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Kalant H (2001) Can Med Assoc J 165:917–928

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Mueller M, Yuan J, Felim A, Neudörffer A, Peters FT, Maurer HH, McCann UD, Largeron M, Ricaurte GA (2009) Drug Metab Dispos 37:2079–2086

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Wood DM, Dargan PI, Button J, Holt DW, Ovaska H, Ramsey J, Jones AL (2007) Lancet 369:1490

    Google Scholar 

  12. Hiramatsu M, Kumagai Y, Unger SE, Cho AK (1990) J Pharmacol Exp Ther 254:521–527

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Kraemer T, Maurer HH (2002) Ther Drug Monit 24:277–289

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Liang Y, Wang G, Xie L, Sheng L (2011) Curr Drug Metab 12:329–344

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Clarke A, Scarth J, Teale P, Pearce C, Hillyer L (2011) Drug Test Anal 3:74–87

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Jiang R, Yamaori S, Takeda S, Yamamoto I, Watanabe K (2011) Life Sci 89:165–170

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. McLafferty FW, Turecek F (1993) Interpretation of mass spectra. University Science Books, Mill Valley

  18. Watson JT, Sparkman OD (2007) Introduction to mass spectrometry. Wiley, Chichester

  19. Ewald AH, Fritschi G, Maurer HH (2007) J Chromatogr B 857:170–174

    Google Scholar 

  20. Theobald DS, Fritschi G, Maurer HH (2007) J Chromatogr B 846:374–377

    Google Scholar 

  21. Ewald AH, Ehlers D, Maurer HH (2008) Anal Bioanal Chem 390:1837–1842

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Ewald AH, Puetz M, Maurer HH (2008) J Chromatogr B 862:252–256

    Google Scholar 

  23. Sauer C, Peters FT, Staack RF, Fritschi G, Maurer HH (2008) Forensic Sci Int 181:47–51

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Sauer C, Peters FT, Staack RF, Fritschi G, Maurer HH (2008) J Mass Spectrom 43:305–316

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Sauer C, Peters FT, Staack RF, Fritschi G, Maurer HH (2008) J Chromatogr A 1186:380–390

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Sauer C, Peters FT, Haas C, Meyer MR, Fritschi G, Maurer HH (2009) J Mass Spectrom 44:952–964

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Meyer MR, Du P, Schuster F, Maurer HH (2010) J Mass Spectrom 45:1426–1442

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Meyer MR, Wilhelm J, Peters FT, Maurer HH (2010) Anal Bioanal Chem 397:1225–1233

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Maurer HH, Pfleger K, Weber AA (2011) Mass spectral and GC data of drugs, poisons, pesticides, pollutants and their metabolites. Wiley-VCH, Weinheim

    Google Scholar 

  30. Mueller M, Kolbrich EA, Peters FT, Huestis MA, Ricaurte GA, Maurer HH (2009) Anal Bioanal Chem 393:1607–1617

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Toennes SW, Maurer HH (1999) Clin Chem 45:2173–2182

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Schwaninger AE, Meyer MR, Huestis MA, Maurer HH (2011) J Mass Spectrom 46:603–614

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Gray TR, Barnes AJ, Huestis MA (2010) Anal Bioanal Chem 397:2335–2347

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Peters FT, Meyer MR, Fritschi G, Maurer HH (2005) J Chromatogr B 824:81–91

    Google Scholar 

  35. Springer D, Peters FT, Fritschi G, Maurer HH (2002) J Chromatogr B 773:25–33

    Google Scholar 

  36. Springer D, Peters FT, Fritschi G, Maurer HH (2003) J Chromatogr B 789:79–91

    Google Scholar 

  37. Springer D, Fritschi G, Maurer HH (2003) J Chromatogr B 793:331–342

    Google Scholar 

  38. Springer D, Fritschi G, Maurer HH (2003) J Chromatogr B 793:377–388

    Google Scholar 

  39. Springer D, Fritschi G, Maurer HH (2003) J Chromatogr B 796:253–266

    Google Scholar 

  40. Pokrajac M, Miljkovic B, Misailovic B (1991) Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 5:59–61

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Brenneisen R, Geisshusler S (1985) Pharm Acta Helv 60:290–301

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Philipp AA, Wissenbach DK, Zoerntlein SW, Klein ON, Kanogsunthornrat J, Maurer HH (2009) J Mass Spectrom 44:1249–1261

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Theobald DS, Staack RF, Puetz M, Maurer HH (2005) J Mass Spectrom 40:1157–1172

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Theobald DS, Putz M, Schneider E, Maurer HH (2006) J Mass Spectrom 41:872–886

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. Sardela VF, Sardela PD, Pereira HM, Aquino Neto FR (2011) J Chromatogr A 1218:1266–1272

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. Wissenbach DK, Meyer MR, Philipp AA, Remane D, Schwaninger AE, Maurer HH (2009) Ther Drug Monit 31:605

    Google Scholar 

  47. Staack RF, Maurer HH (2005) Curr Drug Metab 6:259–274

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. Theobald DS, Fehn S, Maurer HH (2005) J Mass Spectrom 40:105–116

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. Theobald DS, Maurer HH (2006) J Chromatogr B 842:76–90

    Google Scholar 

  50. Theobald DS, Maurer HH (2006) J Mass Spectrom 41:1509–1519

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. Ewald AH, Peters FT, Weise M, Maurer HH (2005) J Chromatogr B 824:123–131

    Google Scholar 

  52. Ewald AH, Fritschi G, Bork WR, Maurer HH (2006) J Mass Spectrom 41:487–498

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. Ewald AH, Fritschi G, Maurer HH (2006) J Mass Spectrom 41:1140–1148

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. Sauer C, Peters FT, Staack RF, Fritschi G, Maurer HH (2006) J Mass Spectrom 41:1014–1029

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. Rohanova M, Balikova M (2009) Toxicology 259:61–68

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. Kamata HT, Shima N, Zaitsu K, Kamata T, Miki A, Nishikawa M, Katagi M, Tsuchihashi H (2006) Xenobiotica 36:709–723

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  57. Zaitsu K, Katagi M, Kamata HT, Kamata T, Shima N, Miki A, Tsuchihashi H, Mori Y (2009) Forensic Sci Int 188:131–139

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. Strano-Rossi S, Cadwallader AB, de la Torre X, Botre F (2010) Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 24:2706–2714

    Google Scholar 

  59. Grigoryev A, Savchuk S, Melnik A, Moskaleva N, Dzhurko J, Ershov M, Nosyrev A, Vedenin A, Izotov B, Zabirova I, Rozhanets V (2011) J Chromatogr B 879:1126–1136

    Google Scholar 

  60. Beuck S, Moller I, Thomas A, Klose A, Schlorer N, Schanzer W, Thevis M (2011) Anal Bioanal Chem 401:493–505

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  61. Sobolevsky T, Prasolov I, Rodchenkov G (2010) Forensic Sci Int 200:141–147

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  62. Philipp AA, Meyer MR, Wissenbach DK, Weber AA, Zoerntlein SW, Zweipfenning PGM, Maurer HH (2011) Anal Bioanal Chem 400:127–135

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  63. Parr MK, Fussholler G, Schlorer N, Opfermann G, Geyer H, Rodchenkov G, Schanzer W (2011) Toxicol Lett 201:101–104

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  64. Parr MK, Fussholler G, Schlorer N, Opfermann G, Piper T, Rodchenkov G, Schanzer W (2009) Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 23:207–218

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  65. Cawley AT, Trout GJ, Kazlauskas R, George AV (2008) Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 22:4147–4157

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  66. Scarth JP, Clarke AD, Teale P, Pearce CM (2010) Steroids 75:643–652

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  67. Gerace E, Salomone A, Fasano F, Costa R, Boschi D, Di Stilo A, Vincenti M (2011) Anal Bioanal Chem 400:137–144

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  68. Wong JK, Tang FP, Wan TS (2011) Drug Test Anal 3:393–399

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  69. Elghazali M, Barezaik IM, Abdel Hadi AA, Eltayeb FM, Al Masri J, Wasfi IA (2008) Vet J 178:272–277

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  70. Thevis M, Beuck S, Thomas A, Fussholler G, Sigmund G, Schlorer N, Rodchenkov G, Schafer M, Schanzer W (2009) Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 23:2363–2370

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  71. Thevis M, Sigmund G, Gougoulidis V, Beuck S, Schlorer N, Thomas A, Kwiatkowska D, Pokrywka A, Schanzer W (2011) Anal Bioanal Chem 401:543–551

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  72. Karschner EL, Darwin WD, Goodwin RS, Wright S, Huestis MA (2011) Clin Chem 57:66–75

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  73. Milman G, Barnes AJ, Schwope DM, Schwilke EW, Goodwin RS, Kelly DL, Gorelick DA, Huestis MA (2011) Anal Bioanal Chem 401:599–607

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  74. Karschner EL, Barnes AJ, Lowe RH, Scheidweiler KB, Huestis MA (2010) Anal Bioanal Chem 397:603–611

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  75. Milman G, Barnes AJ, Lowe RH, Huestis MA (2010) J Chromatogr A 1217:1513–1521

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  76. Abraham TT, Barnes AJ, Lowe RH, Kolbrich Spargo EA, Milman G, Pirnay SO, Gorelick DA, Goodwin RS, Huestis MA (2009) J Anal Toxicol 33:439–446

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  77. Schwilke EW, Karschner EL, Lowe RH, Gordon AM, Cadet JL, Herning RI, Huestis MA (2009) Clin Chem 55:1188–1195

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  78. Kolbrich EA, Lowe RH, Huestis MA (2008) Clin Chem 54:379–387

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  79. Brunet BR, Barnes AJ, Scheidweiler KB, Mura P, Huestis MA (2008) Anal Bioanal Chem 392:115–127

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  80. Abraham TT, Lowe RH, Pirnay SO, Darwin WD, Huestis MA (2007) J Anal Toxicol 31:477–485

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  81. Lowe RH, Karschner EL, Schwilke EW, Barnes AJ, Huestis MA (2007) J Chromatogr A 1163:318–327

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  82. Scheidweiler KB, Barnes AJ, Huestis MA (2008) J Chromatogr B 876:266–276

    Google Scholar 

  83. Kolbrich EA, Goodwin RS, Gorelick DA, Hayes RJ, Stein EA, Huestis MA (2008) Ther Drug Monit 30:320–332

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  84. Peters FT, Meyer MR (2011) Drug Test Anal 3:483–495

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  85. Meyer MR, Peters FT, Maurer HH (2008) Drug Metab Dispos 36:2345–2354

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  86. Meyer MR, Peters FT, Maurer HH (2009) Drug Metab Dispos 37:1152–1156

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  87. Meyer MR, Peters FT, Maurer HH (2009) Biochem Pharmacol 77:1725–1734

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  88. Meyer MR, Peters FT, Maurer HH (2009) Toxicol Lett 190:54–60

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  89. Meyer MR, Maurer HH (2009) Chem Res Toxicol 22:1205–1211

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  90. Spanakis M, Vizirianakis IS, Mironidou-Tzouveleki M, Niopas I (2009) Biomed Chromatogr 23:1131–1137

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  91. Lenz D, Jubner M, Bender K, Wintermeyer A, Beike J, Rothschild MA, Kaferstein H (2011) Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 383:647–654

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  92. Lee MS, Zhu M (2011) Mass spectrometry in drug metabolism and disposition. Wiley, Hoboken

  93. Salomonsson ML, Bondesson U, Hedeland M (2008) Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 22:2685–2697

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  94. Iwasaki Y, Nakano Y, Mochizuki K, Nomoto M, Takahashi Y, Ito R, Saito K, Nakazawa H (2011) J Chromatogr B 879:1159–1165

    Google Scholar 

  95. Wissenbach DK, Meyer MR, Remane D, Philipp AA, Weber AA, Maurer HH (2011) Anal Bioanal Chem 400:3481–3489

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  96. Philipp AA, Wissenbach DK, Weber AA, Zapp J, Zoerntlein SW, Klein ON, Kanogsunthornrat J, Maurer HH (2010) Anal Bioanal Chem 396:2379–2391

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  97. Philipp AA, Wissenbach DK, Weber AA, Zapp J, Maurer HH (2010) J Mass Spectrom 45:1344–1357

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  98. Philipp AA, Wissenbach DK, Weber AA, Zapp J, Maurer HH (2011) Anal Bioanal Chem 399:2747–2753

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  99. Philipp AA, Wissenbach DK, Weber AA, Zapp J, Maurer HH (2011) J Chromatogr B 879:1049–1055

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  100. Scarth JP, Spencer HA, Timbers SE, Hudson SC, Hillyer LL (2010) Drug Test Anal 2:1–10

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  101. Pozo OJ, Van Eenoo P, Deventer K, Lootens L, Grimalt S, Sancho JV, Hernandez F, Meuleman P, Leroux-Roels G, Delbeke FT (2009) Steroids 74:837–852

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  102. Pozo OJ, Lootens L, Van Eenoo P, Deventer K, Meuleman P, Leroux-Roels G, Parr MK, Schanzer W, Delbeke FT (2009) Drug Test Anal 1:554–567

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  103. Beuck S, Schanzer W, Thevis M (2011) J Mass Spectrom 46:112–130

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  104. Lootens L, Van Eenoo P, Meuleman P, Pozo OJ, Van Renterghem P, Leroux-Roels G, Delbeke FT (2009) Drug Test Anal 1:531–537

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  105. Broecker S, Herre S, Wust B, Zweigenbaum J, Pragst F (2011) Anal Bioanal Chem 400:101–117

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  106. Wissenbach DK, Meyer MR, Remane D, Weber AA, Maurer HH (2011) Anal Bioanal Chem 400:79–88

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  107. Bessette EE, Goodenough AK, Langouet S, Yasa I, Kozekov ID, Spivack SD, Turesky RJ (2009) Anal Chem 81:809–819

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  108. Ramirez-Molina C, Burton L (2009) Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 23:3501–3512

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  109. Guo J, Xue C, Shang EX, Duan JA, Tang Y, Qian D (2011) J Chromatogr B 879:1987–1992

    Google Scholar 

  110. Portoles T, Ibanez M, Sancho JV, Lopez FJ, Hernandez F (2009) J Agric Food Chem 57:4079–4090

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  111. Peters RJ, van Engelen MC, Touber ME, Georgakopoulus C, Nielen MW (2009) Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 23:2329–2337

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  112. Prasad B, Singh S (2010) Eur J Pharm Sci 41:173–188

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  113. Lim HK, Chen J, Cook K, Sensenhauser C, Silva J, Evans DC (2008) Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 22:1295–1311

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  114. Concheiro M, Shakleya DM, Huestis MA (2011) Anal Bioanal Chem 400:69–78

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  115. Schwope DM, Scheidweiler KB, Huestis MA (2011) Anal Bioanal Chem. doi:10.1007/s00216-011-5197-7

  116. Concheiro M, Jones H, Johnson RE, Shakleya DM, Huestis MA (2010) J Chromatogr B 878:13–20

    Google Scholar 

  117. Concheiro M, Gray TR, Shakleya DM, Huestis MA (2010) Anal Bioanal Chem 398:915–924

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  118. Shakleya DM, Dams R, Choo RE, Jones H, Huestis MA (2010) J Anal Toxicol 34:17–25

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  119. Concheiro-Guisan M, Shakleya DM, Huestis MA (2009) Anal Bioanal Chem 394:513–522

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  120. Concheiro M, Shakleya DM, Huestis MA (2009) Forensic Sci Int 188:144–151

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  121. de Castro A, Concheiro M, Shakleya DM, Huestis MA (2009) J Anal Toxicol 33:243–252

    Google Scholar 

  122. de Castro A, Concheiro M, Shakleya DM, Huestis MA (2009) J Chromatogr B 877:3065–3071

    Google Scholar 

  123. Gray MJ, Chang D, Zhang Y, Liu J, Bensoussan A (2010) Biomed Chromatogr 24:91–103

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  124. Shakleya DM, Huestis MA (2009) J Chromatogr B 877:3537–3542

    Google Scholar 

  125. Shakleya DM, Huestis MA (2009) Anal Bioanal Chem 395:2349–2357

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  126. Shakleya DM, Huestis MA (2009) Anal Bioanal Chem 393:1957–1965

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  127. Gray TR, Shakleya DM, Huestis MA (2008) J Chromatogr B 863:107–114

    Google Scholar 

  128. Gray TR, Magri R, Shakleya DM, Huestis MA (2008) Clin Chem 54:2018–2027

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  129. Kacinko SL, Concheiro-Guisan M, Shakleya DM, Huestis MA (2008) Anal Bioanal Chem 392:903–911

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  130. Kacinko SL, Shakleya DM, Huestis MA (2008) Anal Chem 80:246–252

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  131. Shakleya DM, Jansson LM, Huestis MA (2007) J Chromatogr B 856:267–272

    Google Scholar 

  132. Mueller M, Kolbrich EA, Peters FT, Maurer HH, McCann UD, Huestis MA, Ricaurte GA (2009) Ther Drug Monit 31:367–373

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  133. Mueller M, Peters FT, Ricaurte GA, Maurer HH (2007) J Chromatogr B 855:262–270

    Google Scholar 

  134. Mueller M, Peters FT, Ricaurte GA, Maurer HH (2008) J Chromatogr B 874:119–124

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  135. Mueller M, Peters FT, Huestis MA, Ricaurte GA, Maurer HH (2009) Forensic Sci Int 184:64–68

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  136. Shoda T, Fukuhara K, Goda Y, Okuda H (2009) Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 57:472–475

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  137. Peters FT, Meyer MR, Theobald DS, Maurer HH (2008) Drug Metab Dispos 36:163–168

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  138. Sauer C, Peters FT, Schwaninger AE, Meyer MR, Maurer HH (2008) Chem Res Toxicol 21:1949–1955

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  139. Ewald AH, Maurer HH (2008) Toxicol Lett 183:52–57

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  140. Mazur A, Lichti CF, Prather PL, Zielinska AK, Bratton SM, Gallus-Zawada A, Finel M, Miller GP, Radominska-Pandya A, Moran JH (2009) Drug Metab Dispos 37:1496–1504

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  141. Rouguieg K, Picard N, Sauvage FL, Gaulier JM, Marquet P (2010) Drug Metab Dispos 38:40–45

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  142. Manevski N, Kurkela M, Hoglund C, Mauriala T, Court MH, Yli-Kauhaluoma J, Finel M (2010) Drug Metab Dispos 38:386–395

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  143. Lehtonen P, Sten T, Aitio O, Kurkela M, Vuorensola K, Finel M, Kostiainen R (2010) Eur J Pharm Sci 41:523–530

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  144. Schwaninger AE, Meyer MR, Zapp J, Maurer HH (2011) Toxicol Lett 202:120–128

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  145. Schwaninger AE, Meyer MR, Maurer HH (2011) Drug Metab Dispos. doi:10.1124/dmd.111.041129

  146. Schwaninger AE, Meyer MR, Zapp J, Maurer HH (2009) Drug Metab Dispos 37:2212–2220

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  147. Maurer HH, Pfleger K, Weber AA (2011) Mass spectral library of drugs, poisons, pesticides, pollutants and their metabolites. Wiley-VCH, Weinheim

    Google Scholar 

  148. Herbst ED, Harris DS, Everhart ET, Mendelson J, Jacob P, Jones RT (2011) Exp Clin Psychopharmacol 19:95–104

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  149. Lee D, Milman G, Barnes AJ, Goodwin RS, Hirvonen J, Huestis MA (2011) Clin Chem 57:1127–1136

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  150. Thevis M, Sigmund G, Koch A, Guddat S, Maurer HH, Schanzer W (2008) Eur J Mass Spectrom 14:145–152

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank Andrea E. Schwaninger and Dirk K. Wissenbach for their suggestions.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Experimental and Clinical Toxicology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Saarland University, 66421, Homburg (Saar), Germany

    Markus R. Meyer & Hans H. Maurer

Authors
  1. Markus R. Meyer
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Hans H. Maurer
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Hans H. Maurer.

Additional information

Published in the 10th Anniversary Issue.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Meyer, M.R., Maurer, H.H. Current status of hyphenated mass spectrometry in studies of the metabolism of drugs of abuse, including doping agents. Anal Bioanal Chem 402, 195–208 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-011-5331-6

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-011-5331-6

Keywords

Search

Navigation