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Fluorescent sensor array in a microfluidic chip

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Abstract

Miniaturization and automation are highly important issues for the development of high-throughput processes. The area of micro total analysis systems (μTAS) is growing rapidly and the design of new schemes which are suitable for miniaturized analytical devices is of great importance. In this paper we report the immobilization of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) with metal ion sensing properties, on the walls of glass microchannels. The parallel combinatorial synthesis of sensing SAMs in individually addressable microchannels towards the generation of optical sensor arrays and sensing chips has been developed.

The advantages of microfluidic devices, surface chemistry, parallel synthesis, and combinatorial approaches have been merged to integrate a fluorescent chemical sensor array in a microfluidic chip. Specifically, five different fluorescent self-assembled monolayers have been created on the internal walls of glass microchannels confined in a microfluidic chip

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Notes

  1. If vacuum is not applied, cross contamination is observed between channels. When the fluid reaches the common outlet it may get inside the adjacent channels due to capillary forces. When the vacuum is applied, the flow rate in the channel is no longer 0.04 μL min−1; the real value has not been calculated.

  2. The small fluorescent signal obtained in channel C3 is probably due to small cross contamination during the washing steps from the common outlet.

  3. Simultaneously acetonitrile was flushed through channels C2, C3, and C4 at the same flow rate while vacuum was applied in the channels common outlet to facilitate fluid flow. After the standard rinsing procedure the fluorescence microscopy image was recorded.

  4. The brightness of this image was higher than that used for the previous images to see the weak fluorescence of the channels after flow of the Cu2+ solution and this produced a higher background signal. All the fluorescence emission profiles have been normalized; the background signal has been set to 0.

  5. Two fluorescence images were obtained each time and then combined, one using blue light and the other using green light for excitation of the fluorophores.

  6. Rinsing of the analytes complexed to the fluorescent SAM for recycling of the sensing surfaces was done by flowing an aqueous solution EDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, 0.01 M) through the channels for 30 min.

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Author notes

  1. Lourdes Basabe-Desmonts

    Present address: Biomedical Diagnostics Institute, Dublin City University, Collins Avenue, Dublin 9, Ireland

  2. Mercedes Crego-Calama

    Present address: Stichting IMEC Nederland/Holst Centre, P.O. Box 8550, 5605 KN, Eindhoven, The Netherlands

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Supramolecular Chemistry and Technology, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE, Enschede, The Netherlands

    Lourdes Basabe-Desmonts, Fernando Benito-López, David N. Reinhoudt & Mercedes Crego-Calama

  2. BIOS Lab-on-a-Chip Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE, Enschede, The Netherlands

    Han J. G. E. Gardeniers, Rob Duwel & Albert van den Berg

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  1. Lourdes Basabe-Desmonts
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  2. Fernando Benito-López
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  3. Han J. G. E. Gardeniers
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  6. David N. Reinhoudt
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  7. Mercedes Crego-Calama
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mercedes Crego-Calama.

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Supplementary Materials

Figures S1, S2, and S3 show pictures of the chip and the chip holder, the setup for parallel synthesis of the monolayer array in the multichannel chip, and the setup for imaging of the chip (PDF 1.06 mb)

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Basabe-Desmonts, L., Benito-López, F., Gardeniers, H.J.G.E. et al. Fluorescent sensor array in a microfluidic chip. Anal Bioanal Chem 390, 307–315 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-007-1720-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-007-1720-2

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