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A liquid chromatography–fluorimetric method for the in vitro estimation of the skin penetration of disodium phenyldibenzimidazole tetrasulfonate from sunscreen formulations through human skin

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Abstract

Disodium phenyldibenzimidazole tetrasulfonate (PDT) is a new organic UV filter with hydrophilic properties used in modern sunscreen spray formulations. The aim of this work was to develop and validate an analytical method that can be used to study skin absorption of PDT from sunscreens. Results obtained in vitro for human skin showed a low level of absorption. The proposed in vitro method employs a diffusion cell. Sunscreen lotion was applied onto pretreated human skin, which was then placed in the cell. PDT was collected in a receptor liquid, the surface of which was in contact with the skin. The solutions obtained were diluted appropriately and analyzed by liquid chromatography without any interference. The analytical features of chromatographic determination with fluorimetic detection were suited to this analytical problem, since this method gave a limit of detection of 1 ng ml−1. Phenol red (PR) was used as a marker to check the skin integrity, and a sensitive method based on sequential injection on-line solid-phase extraction coupled with spectrophotometric detection was developed for determining this marker in the receptor liquid in order to screen the cells.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to express their heartfelt gratitude to the Spanish Analytical Chemistry Society for the prize for the best work in the area of bioanalysis, awarded during the 11th Instrumental Analysis Conference (Barcelona, November 2005). A. Salvador, A. Chisvert and A. Balaguer acknowledge the financial support of the Spanish Ministry of Science and Education for our research project on the development of analytical methods to study the efficacy and safety of sunscreen products (BQU2003-00015). A. Balaguer is also grateful for his grant.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de Química, Universitat de València, Doctor Moliner St. 50-Burjassot, 46100, València, Spain

    A. Balaguer & A. Salvador

  2. Departamento de Química Analítica, Nutrición y Bromatología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, Spain

    A. Chisvert

  3. Departamento de Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universitat de València, València, Spain

    M. Meliá, M. Herráez & O. Díez

Authors
  1. A. Balaguer
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  2. A. Salvador
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  3. A. Chisvert
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  4. M. Meliá
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  5. M. Herráez
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  6. O. Díez
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to A. Salvador.

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Balaguer, A., Salvador, A., Chisvert, A. et al. A liquid chromatography–fluorimetric method for the in vitro estimation of the skin penetration of disodium phenyldibenzimidazole tetrasulfonate from sunscreen formulations through human skin. Anal Bioanal Chem 385, 1225–1232 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-006-0344-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-006-0344-2

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