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Rapid and sensitive method for the determination of acetaldehyde in fuel ethanol by high-performance liquid chromatography with UV–Vis detection

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Abstract

A high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for the determination of acetaldehyde in fuel ethanol was developed. Acetaldehyde was derivatized with 0.900 mL 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPHi) reagent and 50 μL phosphoric acid 1 mol L−1 at a controlled room temperature of 15°C for 20 min. The separation of acetaldehyde-DNPH (ADNPH) was carried out on a Shimadzu Shim-pack C18 column, using methanol/LiCl(aq) 1.0 mM (80/20, v/v) as a mobile phase under isocratic elution and UV–Vis detection at 365 nm. The standard curve of ADNPH was linear in the range 3–300 mg L−1 per injection (20 μL) and the limit of detection (LOD) for acetaldehyde was 2.03 μg L−1, with a correlation coefficient greater than 0.999 and a precision (relative standard deviation, RSD) of 5.6% (n=5). Recovery studies were performed by fortifying fuel samples with acetaldehyde at various concentrations and the results were in the range 98.7–102%, with a coefficient of variation (CV) from 0.2% to 7.2%. Several fuel samples collected from various gas stations were analyzed and the method was successfully applied to the analysis of acetaldehyde in fuel ethanol samples.

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Acknowledgments

We gratefully acknowledge the financial support and fellowships provided by Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP), Agência Nacional do Pétroleo (ANP), and Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos (FINEP).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. UNESP, Instituto de Química, Rua Prof. Francisco Degni s/n, Quitandinha, 14800-900, Araraquara, SP, Brazil

    Adelir Aparecida Saczk, Leonardo Luiz Okumura, Marcelo Firmino de Oliveira, Maria Valnice Boldrin Zanoni & Nelson Ramos Stradiotto

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  1. Adelir Aparecida Saczk
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  2. Leonardo Luiz Okumura
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  3. Marcelo Firmino de Oliveira
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Correspondence to Leonardo Luiz Okumura.

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Saczk, A.A., Okumura, L.L., Firmino de Oliveira, M. et al. Rapid and sensitive method for the determination of acetaldehyde in fuel ethanol by high-performance liquid chromatography with UV–Vis detection. Anal Bioanal Chem 381, 1619–1624 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-005-3153-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-005-3153-0

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