Abstract
Ginseng is one of the most expensive Chinese herbal medicines and the effectiveness of ginseng depends strongly on its botanical sources and the use of different parts of the plants. In this study, a microchip electrophoresis method coupled with the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)–short tandem repeats (STR) technique was developed for rapid authentication of ginseng species. A low viscosity hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) solution was used as the sieving matrix for separation of the amplified STR fragments. The allele sizing of the amplified PCR products could be detected within 240 s or less. Good reproducibility and accuracy of the fragment size were obtained with the relative standard deviation for the allele sizes less than 1.0% (n=11). At two microsatellite loci (CT 12, CA 33), American ginseng had a different allele pattern on the electropherograms compared with that of the Oriental ginseng. Moreover, cultivated and wild American ginseng can be distinguished on the basis of allele sizing. This work establishes the feasibility of fast genetic authentication of ginseng species by use of microchip electrophoresis.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Chung H, But P (eds) (1986) Pharmacology and application of Chinese material medica. World Scientific Publishing, Singapore
Lang Z, Lou W, But P (1993) J Chin Pharm Sci 2:133–135
Gafner S, Bergeron C, McCollom MM (2004) J Agric Food Chem 52:1546–1550
Popovich DG, Kitts DD (2004) Phytochemistry 65:337–344
Ho ISH, Leung FC (2002) Mol Genet Genomics 266:951–961
Bai DP, Brandle J, Reeleder R (1997) Genome 40:111–115
Shaw PC, But PPH (1995) Planta Med 61:466–469
Cheung KS, Kwan HS, But PPH, Shaw PC (1994) J Ethnopharmacol 42:67–69
Fushimi H, Komatsu K, Isobe M, Namba T (1997) Biol Pharm Bull 20:765–769
Edwards A, Civitello A, Hammond HA, Caskey CT (1991) Am J Hum Genet 49:746–756
Alford RL, Hammond HA, Coto L, Caskey CT (1994) Am J Hum Genet 55:190–195
Beckman J, Weber JL (1992) Genomics 12:627–631
Butler JM, McCord BR, Jung JM, Allen RO (1994) Biotechniques 17:1062–1070
Wang Y, Ju J, Carpenter BA, Atherton JM, Sensabaugh GF, Mathies RA (1998) Anal Chem 67:1197–1203
Zhang N, Yeung E S (1996) Anal Chem 68:2927–2931
Schmalzing D, Koutny L, Adourian A, Belgrader P, Matsudaira P, Ehrlich D (1997) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 94:10273–10278
Reyes DR, Lossifidis D, Auroux PA, Manz A (2002) Anal Chem 74:2632–2636
Auroux PA, Lossifidis D, Reyes DR, Manz A (2002) Anal Chem 74:2637–2652
Rogers SO, Bendich AJ (1985) Plant Mol Biol 5:69–76
McCormick RM, Neison RJ, Alonso-Amigo MG, Benvegnu DJ, Hooper HH (1997) Anal Chem 69:2626–2630
Acknowledgements
We would like to thank the National Science Council of the People’s Republic of China (20275039, 20035010, 20299030) for financial support. We would also like to thank the Hong Kong Research Grants Council of the Hong Kong SAR, China (HKU 7089/00p), and Hong Kong University Faculty Seed Fund for support. We gratefully appreciate the assistance of Dr Y.C. Chow in preparing the PCR samples.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Qin, J., Leung, F.C., Fung, Y. et al. Rapid authentication of ginseng species using microchip electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence detection. Anal Bioanal Chem 381, 812–819 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-004-2889-2
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-004-2889-2