Abstract
The enzyme atropinesterase (EC 3.1.1.10) causes the rapid hydrolysis of tropane alkaloids such as atropine and scopolamine. This enzyme is known to occur in a certain proportion of rabbits and some plants, although its presence in other animal species remains controversial. The potential presence in some animals but not others of an enzyme which can rapidly hydrolyse compounds such as atropine is a potential unwanted experimental variable in many experiments. Because of the uncertainty surrounding the enzyme and the paucity of data, it was decided to examine whether we could detect and characterise atropinesterase activity in the plasma of dogs, goats, guinea-pigs, humans, pigs, rabbits and rhesus by separating and quantitating the substrate (atropine) and one of the products (tropic acid) by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). It was found that plasma from some but not all rabbits possessed a capacity to breakdown large quantities of atropine; an effect that was apparently enantiomer-specific. Plasma from other rabbits, and plasma from all other species investigated, proved capable of hydrolysing atropine at a rate exceeding that of non-specific breakdown. It remains to be determined whether this effect is due to a low expression of atropinesterase or an alternative hydrolysing enzyme.
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Acknowledgements
The authors would like to thank Mrs Nicola Armstrong for her help in the preparation of the manuscript. This work was supported by the UK Ministry of Defence. All work Crown Copyright 2005.
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Harrison, P.K., Tattersall, J.E.H. & Gosden, E. The presence of atropinesterase activity in animal plasma. Naunyn-Schmied Arch Pharmacol 373, 230–236 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00210-006-0054-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00210-006-0054-5