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Sonic boom generated by a slender body aerodynamically shaded by a disk spike

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Abstract

The sonic boom generated by a slender body of revolution aerodynamically shaded by another body is numerically investigated. The aerodynamic shadow is created by a disk placed upstream of the slender body across a supersonic free-stream flow. The disk size and its position upstream of the body are chosen in such a way that the aerodynamically shaded flow is quasi-stationary. A combined method of phantom bodies is used for sonic boom calculations. The method is tested by calculating the sonic boom generated by a blunted body and comparing the results with experimental investigations of the sonic boom generated by spheres of various diameters in ballistic ranges and wind tunnels. The test calculations show that the method of phantom bodies is applicable for calculating far-field parameters of shock waves generated by both slender and blunted bodies. A possibility of reducing the shock wave intensity in the far field by means of the formation of the aerodynamic shadow behind the disk placed upstream of the body is estimated. The calculations are performed for the incoming flow with the Mach number equal to 2. The effect of the disk size on the sonic boom level is calculated.

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Abbreviations

\({\Delta } p\) :

Excess pressure

\(M_{0}\) :

Free-stream Mach number

\(\rho _{0}\) :

Free-stream density of the gas

\(T_{0}\) :

Free-stream static temperature

\(p_{0}\) :

Free-stream static pressure

\(a_{0}\) :

Free-stream velocity of sound

\(\gamma \) :

Ratio of specific heats

Re:

Reynolds number

\(Cx^{{\varSigma }}\) :

Total drag coefficient of a slender body with an attached disk

\(Cx_{0}^{{\varSigma }}\) :

Total drag coefficient of a slender body with no disk

\(Cx^{\mathrm {p}}\) :

Drag coefficient induced by pressure

\(Cx^\mathrm{v}\) :

Drag coefficient induced by viscous stresses

d :

Body diameter

h :

Distance from the flight trajectory to the reflecting surface

\(\{ x,r \}\) :

Cylindrical coordinate system in two-dimensional calculations with axial symmetry

x :

Distance along the axis of symmetry (flight trajectory)

r :

Radial distance from the flight trajectory

\(\{ x,y,z \}\) :

Cartesian coordinate system in three-dimensional calculations

x :

Distance along the flight trajectory

y :

Vertical distance from the flight trajectory

z :

Lateral distance from the flight trajectory

h / d :

Normalized distance between the flight trajectory and reflecting surface

r / d :

Normalized radial distance from the flight trajectory

\(r_\mathrm {w}/d\) :

Normalized radial distance between the front of the bow shock wave and the flight trajectory

x / d :

Normalized distance along the flight trajectory

L :

Length of the slender body of revolution

\(d_{\mathrm {b}}\) :

Disk diameter

\(x_{\mathrm {b}}\) :

Distance between the disk and the slender body of revolution

\({\mathrm {*}}\) :

Dimensionless parameter

\({\mathrm {n}}\) :

Near field

0:

Free-stream condition

i :

Number of the point on the body or pressure profile

\({\mathrm {m}}\) :

Scale notification

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. ITAM SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia, 630090

    A. V. Potapkin & D. Yu. Moskvichev

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  1. A. V. Potapkin
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  2. D. Yu. Moskvichev
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Correspondence to A. V. Potapkin.

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Communicated by F. Seiler and A. Higgins.

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Potapkin, A.V., Moskvichev, D.Y. Sonic boom generated by a slender body aerodynamically shaded by a disk spike. Shock Waves 28, 1239–1249 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00193-018-0817-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00193-018-0817-1

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