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Intra-session test–retest reliability of pelvic floor muscle electromyography during running

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Abstract

Introduction and hypothesis

The prevalence of female stress urinary incontinence is high, and young adults are also affected, including athletes, especially those involved in “high-impact” sports. To date there have been almost no studies testing pelvic floor muscle (PFM) activity during dynamic functional whole body movements. The aim of this study was the description and reliability test of PFM activity and time variables during running.

Methods

A prospective cross-sectional study including ten healthy female subjects was designed with the focus on the intra-session test–retest reliability of PFM activity and time variables during running derived from electromyography (EMG) and accelerometry.

Results

Thirteen variables were identified based on ten steps of each subject: Six EMG variables showed good reliability (ICC 0.906–0.942) and seven time variables did not show good reliability (ICC 0.113–0.731). Time variables (e.g. time difference between heel strike and maximal acceleration of vaginal accelerator) showed low reliability. However, relevant PFM EMG variables during running (e.g., pre-activation, minimal and maximal activity) could be identified and showed good reliability.

Conclusion

Further adaptations regarding measurement methods should be tested to gain better control of the kinetics and kinematics of the EMG probe and accelerometers. To our knowledge this is the first study to test the reliability of PFM activity and time variables during dynamic functional whole body movements. More knowledge of PFM activity and time variables may help to provide a deeper insight into physical strain with high force impacts and important functional reflexive contraction patterns of PFM to maintain or to restore continence.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank Parsenn-Produkte AG (Küblis, Switzerland) for providing the vaginal surface EMG probes.

Conflicts of interest

None

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Bern University of Applied Sciences, Health, Murtenstrasse 10, 3008, Bern, Switzerland

    H. Luginbuehl, C. Greter, D. Gruenenfelder & L. Radlinger

  2. Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Brussel, Belgium

    H. Luginbuehl & J-P. Baeyens

  3. Urogynaecology, Women’s Hospital, Bern University Hospital and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland

    A. Kuhn

Authors
  1. H. Luginbuehl
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  2. C. Greter
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  3. D. Gruenenfelder
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  4. J-P. Baeyens
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  5. A. Kuhn
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  6. L. Radlinger
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Correspondence to H. Luginbuehl.

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Luginbuehl, H., Greter, C., Gruenenfelder, D. et al. Intra-session test–retest reliability of pelvic floor muscle electromyography during running. Int Urogynecol J 24, 1515–1522 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00192-012-2034-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00192-012-2034-2

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