Abstract
The contribution of the International VLBI Service for Geodesy and Astrometry (IVS) to the ITRF2005 (International Terrestrial Reference Frame 2005) has been computed by the IVS Analysis Coordinator’s office at the Geodetic Institute of the University of Bonn, Germany. For this purpose the IVS Analysis Centres (ACs) provided datum-free normal equation matrices in Solution INdependent EXchange (SINEX) format for each 24 h observing session to be combined on a session-by-session basis by a stacking procedure. In this process, common sets of parameters, transformed to identical reference epochs and a prioris, and especially representative relative weights have been taken into account for each session. In order to assess the quality of the combined IVS files, Earth orientation parameters (EOPs) and scaling factors have been derived from the combined normal equation matrices. The agreement of the EOPs of the combined normal equation matrices with those of the individual ACs in terms of weighted root mean square (WRMS) is in the range of 50–60 μas for the two polar motion components and about 3 μs for UT1−UTC. External comparisons with International GNSS Serive (IGS) polar motion components is at the level of 130–170 μas and 21 μs/day for length of day (LOD). The scale of the terrestrial reference frame realized through the IVS SINEX files agrees with ITRF2000 at the level of 0.2 ppb.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Altamimi Z, Sillard P, Boucher C (2002) ITRF2000: A new release of the International Terrestrial Reference Frame for earth science applications. J Geophys Res 107(B7):2214. Doi:10.1029/2001JB000561
Andersen PH (2000) Multi-level arc combination with stochastic parameters. J Geod 74(7–8):531–551
Angermann D, Drewes H, Krügel M, Meisel B, Gerstl M, Kelm R, Müller H, Seemüller W, Tesmer V (2004) ITRS Combination Center at DGFI: a Terrestrial Reference Frame Realization 2003, Deutsche Geodätische Kommission, Reihe B, Heft Nr. 313
Blewitt G, Bock Y, Kouba J (1994) Constraining the IGS Polyhedron by Distributed Processing. In: IGS Analysis Workshop Proceedings: Densification of ITRF through Regional GPS Networks, IGS Central Bureau, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, pp 21–37
Boucher C, Altamimi Z (1985) Towards an improved realization of the BIH terrestrial frame. In: Mueller, II (ed) THE MERIT/COTES Report on Earth Rotation and Reference Frames, Vol 2. Department of Geodestic Science, Ohio State University, Columbus
Boucher C, Altamimi Z, Sillard P, Feissel-Vernier M (2004) The ITRF2000. IERS Technical Note No. 31, Verlag des Bundesamtes für Kartographie und Geodäsie, Frankfurt am Main
Brockmann E (1997) Combination of Solutions for Geodetic and Geodynamic Applications of the Global Positioning System (GPS), Geodätisch-geophysikalische Arbeiten in der Schweiz, Schweizerische Geodätische Kommission, Band 55
Bronstein I, Semendjajew K (2004) Handbook Of Mathematics, 4th edn. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York
Förstner W (1979) Ein Verfahren zur Schätzung von Varianz- und Kovarianzkomponenten, AVN, 1986 11–12:446–453
IVS (2005) IVS Annual Report 2004. In: Behrend D, Baver KD, (eds) IVS Coordinating Center, NASA/TP-2005-212772, Greenbelt
Koch KR (1999) Parameter Estimation and Hypothesis Testing in Linear Models, 2nd (Updated and Enlarged) edn. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York
Kusche J (2003) Noise variance estimation and optimal weight determination for GOCE gravity recovery. Adv Geosci 1: 81–85
Ma C, Arias EF, Eubanks TM, Fey AL, Gontier A-M, Jacobs CS, Sovers OJ, Archinal BA, Charlot P (1998) The International Celestial Reference Frame realized by VLBI. Astron J 116:516–546
McCarthy DD, Petit F (eds) (2004) IERS Convention 2003, IERS Technical Note No. 32. International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service, Central Bureau, Verlag des Bundesamts für Kartographie und Geodäsie, Frankfurt am Main
Mervart L (2000) Combining of Global Positioning System Solutions. PhD (DrSc.) Thesis, Czech Technical University in Prague
Mikhail ED (1976) Observations and Least Squares. IEP-A Dun Donnelley, New York
Niell AE (1996) Global mapping functions for the atmosphere delay at radio wavelengths. J Geophys Res 101(B2):3227–3246
Nothnagel A (2005) VTRF2005: a combined VLBI Terrestrial Reference Frame. In: Proceedings of 17th Working Meeting on European VLBI for Geodesy and Astrometry, Noto, 22–23 April, 2005, pp 118–124
Nothnagel A, Steinforth C (2002) IVS analysis coordination. In: Drewes H, Bosch W, Hornik (eds) Progress Report 2001, CSTG Bulletin No. 17. Deutsches Geodätisches Forschungsinstitut, Munich, pp 84–90
Petrov L (2002) Mark IV VLBI analysis software Calc/Solve. Web document: http://gemini.gsfc.nasa.gov/solve
Rothacher M (2000) Towards an Integrated Global Geodetic Observing System. In: Towards an Integrated Global Geodetic Observing System (IGGOS), IAG Symposium No. 120. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 41–52
Schlüter W, Himwich E, Nothnagel A, Vandenberg N, Whitney A (2002) IVS and its important role in the maintenance of the global reference systems. Adv Space Res 30(2):145–150
Titov O, Tesmer V, Boehm J (2004) OCCAM v.6.0 software for VLBI data analysis. In: Vandenberg N, Baver K (eds) IVS 2004 General Meeting Proceedings, NASA/CP-2004-212255, MD, USA pp 267–271
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Vennebusch, M., Böckmann, S. & Nothnagel, A. The contribution of Very Long Baseline Interferometry to ITRF2005. J Geod 81, 553–564 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00190-006-0117-x
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00190-006-0117-x