Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Investigation on the creep-age forming of an integrally-stiffened AA2219 alloy plate: experiment and modeling

  • ORIGINAL ARTICLE
  • Published:
The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Creep-age forming (CAF) is a relatively new sheet metal forming method for manufacturing large-scale components with accurate shape and desired performance. This paper fully investigates the strain distribution, springback characteristic, mechanical property, and shape quality of an integrally-stiffened AA2219 alloy plate during CAF process. A new set of unified creep-ageing constitutive equations incorporating the effect of pre-deformation is developed, and its effectiveness in FE solver MSC.Marc is validated by tension creep-ageing simulation. CAF simulation of the stiffened plate is conducted. The results indicate that the final shape of the plate is simultaneously determined by plastic and creep deformations, while the creep deformation plays a major role, with corresponding contribution percentage of 33 and 67%. Comparisons between experiment and modelling show that the deviations are approximately 11% for springback and 3.2% for yield strength, which confirms the validity of CAF modelling. Furthermore, yield strengths on the skin of the plate are more evenly distributed as compared with those on the stiffeners. In addition, the values of generatrix linearity of the formed plate are very small, which demonstrates that the CAF-formed integrally-stiffened plate has high-precision shape quality.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Zhan L, Lin J, Dean T (2011) A review of the development of creep age forming: experimentation, modeling and applications. Int J Mach Tools Manuf 51:1–17

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Adachi T, Kimura S, Nagayama T (2004) Age forming technology for aircraft wing skin. Mater Forum 28:202–207

    Google Scholar 

  3. Zhan L, Yang Y (2016) Research on creep age forming technology for large integrated component. Aeron Manuf Technol 13:13–22

    Google Scholar 

  4. Brandão F, Delijaicov S, Bortolussi R (2017) CAF—a simplified approach to calculate springback in Al7050 alloys. Int J Adv Manuf Technol. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-016-9839-y

  5. Khamneha M, Askari-Paykania M, Shahverdia H, Hadavib S, Emamia M (2016) Optimization of spring-back in creep age forming process of 7075 Al-Alclad alloy using D-optimal design of experiment method. Meas 88:278–286

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Sallah M, Peddieson J, Foroudastan S (1991) Mathematical model of autoclave age forming. J Mater Process Technol 28:211–219

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Kowalewski Z, Hayhurst D, Dyson B (1994) Mechanisms-based creep constitutive equations for an aluminium alloy. J Strain Anal Eng Des 29:306–316

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Ho K, Lin J, Dean T (2004) Constitutive modelling of primary creep for age forming an aluminium alloy. J Mater Process Technol 153:122–127

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Li C, Wan M, Wu X, Huang L (2010) Constitutive equations in creep of 7B04 aluminum alloys. Mater Sci Eng A 527:3623–3629

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Zhang J, Deng Y, Zhang X (2013) Constitutive modeling for creep age forming of heat-treatable strengthening aluminum alloys containing plate or rod shaped precipitates. Mater Sci Eng A 563:8–15

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Zhan L, Lin J, Huang M (2011) Experimental studies and constitutive modeling of the hardening of aluminum alloy 7055 under creep age forming conditions. Int J Mech Sci 53:595–605

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Lam A, Shi Z, Lin J, Huang X, Zeng Y, Dean T (2015) A method for designing lightweight and flexible creep-age forming tools using mechanical splines and sparse controlling points. Int J Adv Manuf Technol. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-015-6982-9

  13. Inforzato D, Costa P, Fernandez F, Travessa D (2012) Creep-age forming of AA7475 aluminum panels for aircraft lower wing skin application. Mater Res 15:596–602

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Lam A, Shi Z, Yang H, Wan L, Davies C, Lin J, Zhou S (2015) Creep-age forming AA2219 plates with different stiffener designs and pre-form age conditions: experimental and finite elements studies. J Mater Process Technol 219:155–163

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Yang Y, Zhan L, Shen R, Yin X, Li X, Li W, Huang M, He D (2017) Effect of pre-deformation on creep age forming of 2219 aluminum alloy: experimental and constitutive modeling. Mater Sci Eng A 683:227–235

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Yang Y, Zhan L, Ma Q, Feng J, Li X (2016) Effect of pre-deformation on creep age forming of AA2219 plate: springback, microstructures and mechanical properties. J Mater Process Technol 229:697–702

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Li Y, Shi Z, Lin J, Yang H, Huang B, Chung T, Yang J (2016) Experimental investigation of tension and compression creep-ageing behaviour of AA2050 with different initial tempers. Mater Sci Eng A 657:299–308

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Esmeili S, Lloyd D, Poole W (2003) A yield strength model for the Al-Mg-Si-Cu alloy AA6111. Acta Mater 51:2243–2257

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Liu G, Zhang G, Ding X, Sun J, Chen K (2003) Modeling the strengthening response to aging process of heat-treatable aluminum alloys containing plate/disc- or rod/needle-shaped precipitates. Mater Sci Eng A 344:113–124

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Xu Y, Zhan L, Li W (2017) Effect of pre-strain on creep aging behavior of 2524 aluminum alloy. J Alloys Compd 691(15):564–571

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Luo h LW, Li C, Wan M (2017) Investigation of creep-age forming of aluminum lithium alloy stiffened panel with complex structures and variable curvature. Int J Adv Manuf Technol. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-017-0004-z

  22. Xu Y, Zhan L, Xu L, Huang M (2017) Experimental research on creep aging behavior of Al-Cu-Mg alloy with tensile and compressive stresses. Mater Sci Eng A 682:54–62

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Gao Y, Gong X, Hu L, Lei X (2017) Structure optimization and experimental verification on integral stiffened panel in roll-bending process. Forge Stamp Technol 42(6):66–69

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Funding

This research was supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2014CB046602), the Key Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51235010), the Innovation-driven Project of Central South University (Grant No. 2015CX002), Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China (Grant No. 20120162110003), and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of Central South University (Grant No. 2017zzts090).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China

    Youliang Yang, Lihua Zhan, Rulin Shen, Jian Liu, Xicai Li, Minghui Huang & Diqiu He

  2. State Key Laboratory of High-Performance Complex Manufacturing, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China

    Lihua Zhan, Minghui Huang & Diqiu He

  3. Nonferrous Metal Oriented Advanced Structural Materials and Manufacturing Cooperative Innovation Center, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China

    Lihua Zhan, Minghui Huang & Diqiu He

  4. Beijing Institute of Astronautical Systems Engineering, Beijing, 10007, China

    Zhilong Chang & Yunlong Ma

  5. Capital Aerospace Machinery Company, Beijing, 100076, China

    Li Wan

Authors
  1. Youliang Yang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Lihua Zhan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Rulin Shen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Jian Liu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Xicai Li
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Minghui Huang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Diqiu He
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. Zhilong Chang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  9. Yunlong Ma
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  10. Li Wan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Lihua Zhan.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Yang, Y., Zhan, L., Shen, R. et al. Investigation on the creep-age forming of an integrally-stiffened AA2219 alloy plate: experiment and modeling. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 95, 2015–2025 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-017-1248-3

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-017-1248-3

Keywords

Search

Navigation