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Difference in joint line convergence angle between the supine and standing positions is the most important predictive factor of coronal correction error after medial opening wedge high tibial osteotomy

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Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy Aims and scope

Abstract

Purpose

Coronal correction errors after medial opening wedge high tibial osteotomy (MOWHTO) occasionally occur even with the assistance of navigation. The purpose of the present study was to determine the navigation accuracy in MOWHTO and to identify factors that affect the coronal correction error after navigation-assisted MOWHTO.

Methods

A total of 114 knees treated with navigation-assisted MOWHTO were reviewed retrospectively. Mechanical axis (MA) on standing radiograph and medial proximal tibial angle (MPTA) were measured preoperatively and at 6 months postoperatively, and the differences (ΔMA and ΔMPTA) were calculated. Joint line convergence angle (JLCA) on supine and standing radiographs was measured preoperatively, and their difference (ΔJLCA) was calculated. To assess the navigation accuracy, ΔMA and ΔMPTA were compared with the coronal correction by navigation (ΔNMA) using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). Univariable and multivariable regression analyses were used to identify factors that affect coronal correction discrepancy (ΔMA − ΔNMA).

Results

The reliability of navigation was good in terms of bony correction (ICC between ΔNMA and ΔMPTA, 0.844) and fair in terms of MA correction (ICC between ΔNMA and ΔMA, 0.706). The mean coronal correction discrepancy was 2.0° ± 2.4°. In the multivariable analysis, ΔJLCA was shown to be a predictive factor of coronal correction discrepancy (unstandardized coefficient, 1.026; R2, 0.470).

Conclusion

Navigation in MOWHTO provided reliable information about bony correction; however, MA tended to be overcorrected. The difference in JLCA between the supine and standing radiographs was the most important preoperative factor that predicted the coronal correction discrepancy after MOWHTO. In patients with larger ΔJLCA, each degree of ΔJLCA should be subtracted from the planned amount of correction angle when preoperative planning is performed using standing radiographs.

Level of evidence

IV.

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Funding

This research was supported by a grant of the Korea Health Technology R&D Project through the Korea Health Industry Development Institute (KHIDI), funded by the Ministry of Health & Welfare, Republic of Korea (grant number: HI15C2424); and by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT (NRF-2017R1A2B3007362).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Barunsesang Hospital, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea

    Sang-Yeon So

  2. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University School of Medicine, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea

    Sung-Sahn Lee

  3. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea

    Eui Yub Jung

  4. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea

    Joo Hwan Kim & Joon Ho Wang

  5. Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea

    Joon Ho Wang

  6. Department of Medical Device Management and Research, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea

    Joon Ho Wang

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Correspondence to Joon Ho Wang.

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The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest in the authorship and publication of this article.

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The study was done in agreement with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. This study was approved by the investigational review board of our institution (Samsung Medical Center, 2018-08-157-001).

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So, SY., Lee, SS., Jung, E.Y. et al. Difference in joint line convergence angle between the supine and standing positions is the most important predictive factor of coronal correction error after medial opening wedge high tibial osteotomy. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 28, 1516–1525 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00167-019-05555-7

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