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Analysis of sequential cytokine release after ACL reconstruction

  • Knee
  • Published:
Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy Aims and scope

Abstract

Purpose

Rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament is common and may necessitate surgical reconstruction. Surgical reconstruction aims to restore normal kinematics and biology within the knee. The acute phase response after surgical reconstruction remains poorly defined but may influence graft integration through modulation of host tissue remodelling.

Methods

The very early host production of key cytokines after surgery was studied. A consecutive series of 14 patients undergoing reconstructive surgery were studied per-operatively, 1 and 6 h after surgery, examining the hypothesis that the acute phase response would be non-specific but consistent between individuals, demonstrating increases of pro-inflammatory cytokines.

Results

A consistent increased release of monocyte-driven, non-specific, IL-1 and IL-6 release but not T cell-derived IL-2 was found. Perhaps, more interestingly, very early high concentrations of secondary growth factors PDGF and TGF-β suggestive of an anabolic response were found.

Conclusion

These data support the contention that an anabolic response starts earlier than previously thought within the surgically reconstructed knee.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Orthopaedics, Polwarth Building, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, Scotland, UK

    A. L. Hayward, R. M. Aspden & A. G. Sutherland

  2. Department of Orthopaedics, Freeman Hospital, High Heaton, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE7 7DN, UK

    D. J. Deehan

Authors
  1. A. L. Hayward
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  2. D. J. Deehan
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  3. R. M. Aspden
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  4. A. G. Sutherland
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Correspondence to D. J. Deehan.

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Hayward, A.L., Deehan, D.J., Aspden, R.M. et al. Analysis of sequential cytokine release after ACL reconstruction. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 19, 1709–1715 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00167-011-1486-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00167-011-1486-0

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