Skip to main content
Log in

Reverse Engineering and restyling of aesthetic products based on sketches interpretation

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Research in Engineering Design Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In the conceptual design stage, outcomes of industrial designers work are generally represented by set of sketches where curves, notes, shadows, and colors implicitly represent creative ideas. Signs and annotations are used to synthesize and concretize the design intent that, finally, will be transformed into the styling product visual appearance. The loss of the original design intent may be due to the complexity of the design process, and the involvement of different actors. Our aim is to provide a method and relative tools in order to interpret signs on sketches for eliciting the design intent. The analysis result is a set of aesthetic features that can be used for driving CAD modeling, in the case both of Reverse Engineering applications and of product modeling for restyling purposes. Sketches analysis is based on a semiotic interpretation driven by the formalization of the cognitive models used in the conceptual design phase. The approach showed promising results on different styling products test cases.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Catalano CE, Falcidieno B, Giannini F (2004) Introduce sweep features in modeling with subdivision surfaces. J WSCG 12(1):81–88

    Google Scholar 

  • Chalechale A, Naghdy G, Mertins A (2005) Sketches-based image matching using angular partitioning. IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man and cybernetics: part a: systems and humans 35(1):57–66

    Google Scholar 

  • Chandrasekaran B (1999) Multimodal perceptual representation and design problem solving. In: Proceeding of visual and spatial reasoning in design: computational and cognitive approaches, Cambridge, MA

  • Cheutet V, Catalano CE, Pernot JP, Falcidieno B, Giannini F, Leon JC (2004) 3D Sketching with fully free form deformation features (δ-F4) for aesthetic design. In: Hughes JF, Jorge JA (eds) Proceedings of EUROGRAPHICS workshop on sketch-based interfaces and modelling, Grenoble, France, pp 9–18

  • Cross N (1997) Descriptive models of creative design: application to an example. Des Stud 18:427–455

    Google Scholar 

  • Dorst K, Cross N (2001) Creativity in the design process: co-evolution of problem-solution. Des Stud 22(5):425–437

    Google Scholar 

  • Ferguson ES (1992) Engineering and the mind’s eye. MIT Press, Cambridge

    Google Scholar 

  • Fontana M, Giannini F, Meirana M (2000) Free form features for aesthetic design. Int J Shape Model 6(2):273–302

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Germani M, Mandorli F (2004) Aesthetic design: a methodology to preserve the stylist intent using digitised models. In: Horvath I, Xirouchakis P (eds) Proceedings of international symposium on tools and methods of competitive engineering, Lausanne, Switzerland, pp 131–141

  • Gero JS, Kannengiesser U (2004) The situated function-behaviour structure framework. Des Stud 25:372–391

    Google Scholar 

  • Goel V (1995) Sketches of thought. MIT Press, Cambridge

    Google Scholar 

  • Goldschmidt G (2001) Visual analogy: a strategy for design reasoning and learning. In: Eastman CM, McCracken WM, Newstetter WC (eds) Design knowing and learning: cognition in design education. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 199–220

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Gross MD (1994) Recognizing and interpreting diagrams in design. In: Proceedings of advanced visual interfaces, Bari, Italy, pp 88–94

  • Hofstadter DR (2001) Analogy as the core of cognition. In: Gentner D, Holyoak K, Kokinov B (eds) The analogical mind: perspectives from cognitive science. The MIT Press/Bradford Book, Cambridge, pp 499–538

    Google Scholar 

  • Kavakli M, Gero J (2001) Sketching as mental imagery processing. Des Stud 22(4):347–364

    Google Scholar 

  • Ke Y, Fan S, Zhu W, Li A, Liu F, Xiquan S (2006) Feature-based reverse modeling strategies. Comput Aided Des 38:485–506

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Langerak TR, Vergeest JSM (2006) A new framework for the definition and recognition of free form features. In: Horvath I, Rusak Z (Eds) Proceedings of the International Symposium on Tools and Methods of Competitive Engineering, Ljubljana, Slovenia pp 359–370

  • Langerak TR, Vergeest JSM (2007) Feature recognition of user-defined freeform features. Comput Aided Des Appl 4(1–4):529–538

    Google Scholar 

  • Lawson B (2006) How designers think. Architectural Press, Oxford

    Google Scholar 

  • Mengoni M, Mandorli F, Germani M (2006) Surface reconstruction method for reverse engineering based on aesthetic knowledge. In: Horvath I, Rusak Z (Eds) Proceedings of the international symposium on tools and methods of competitive engineering, Ljubljana, Slovenia, pp 251–262

  • Mengoni M, Germani M, Mandorli F (2007) Reverse engineering of aesthetic products: use of hand-made sketches for the design intent formalization. J Eng Des 18(5):413–435

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Norman DA (2004) Emotional design: why we love (or hate) everyday thing. Basic Books, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Rodgers PA, Green G, McGown A (2000) Using concept sketches to track design process. Des Stud 21:451–464

    Google Scholar 

  • Schutze M, Sachse P, Romer A (2003) Support value of sketching in the design process. Res Eng Des 14(2):89–97

    Google Scholar 

  • Sequin CH (2005) CAD tools for aesthetic engineering. Comput Aided Des 37:737–750

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Suwa M, Tversky B (1997) What architects and students perceive in their sketches: a protocol analysis. Des Stud 18:385–403

    Google Scholar 

  • Thompson WB, Owen JC, De St.Germain HJ, Stark SR, Henderson TC (1999) Feature-based reverse engineering of mechanical parts. IEEE Trans Rob Autom 15(1):57–66

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tovey M, Porter S, Newman R (2003) Sketching, concept development and automotive design. Des Stud 24(2):135–153

    Google Scholar 

  • Ullman DG, Wood S, Craig D (1990) The importance of drawing in the mechanical design process. Comput Graph 14(2):263–274

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Van Dijk CGC, Mayer AAC (1997) Sketch input for conceptual design. Comp Ind 34:125–137

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vergeest JSM, Song Y, Langerak TR (2006) Design intent management for design reuse. In: Rohatynski R, Poslednik P (Eds.) Proceedings of the Design Methods for Practice. Zielona Gora, Polonia pp 163–170

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Michele Germani.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Mengoni, M., Germani, M. Reverse Engineering and restyling of aesthetic products based on sketches interpretation. Res Eng Design 20, 79–96 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00163-008-0054-1

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00163-008-0054-1

Keywords

Navigation