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Thermodynamic analysis of shark skin texture surfaces for microchannel flow

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Abstract

The studies of shark skin textured surfaces in flow drag reduction provide inspiration to researchers overcoming technical challenges from actual production application. In this paper, three kinds of infinite parallel plate flow models with microstructure inspired by shark skin were established, namely blade model, wedge model and the smooth model, according to cross-sectional shape of microstructure. Simulation was carried out by using FLUENT, which simplified the computation process associated with direct numeric simulations. To get the best performance from simulation results, shear-stress transport k-omega turbulence model was chosen during the simulation. Since drag reduction mechanism is generally discussed from kinetics point of view, which cannot interpret the cause of these losses directly, a drag reduction rate was established based on the second law of thermodynamics. Considering abrasion and fabrication precision in practical applications, three kinds of abraded geometry models were constructed and tested, and the ideal microstructure was found to achieve best performance suited to manufacturing production on the basis of drag reduction rate. It was also believed that bionic shark skin surfaces with mechanical abrasion may draw more attention from industrial designers and gain wide applications with drag-reducing characteristics.

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Abbreviations

A :

Cross-sectional area (m2)

D h :

Hydraulic diameter (m)

E :

Dissipation rate (m2/s3)

f :

Friction factor (–)

g :

Gravitational acceleration (N/kg)

H :

Half height of flow region (m)

h :

Height of microstructure (mm)

h f :

Friction head loss (m)

k :

Kinetic energy (m2/s2)

P :

Pressure (Pa)

Re :

Reynolds number (–)

S :

Entropy generation rate (W/K)

s :

Center distance (mm)

t :

Thickness or time (mm) or (s)

T m :

Temperature (K)

u m :

Mean velocity (m/s)

V 0 :

Volume (m3)

u, v, w :

Velocity component (m/s)

x, y, z :

Coordinate component (m)

\({\alpha}\) :

Vertex angle \({({}^{\circ})}\)

\({\mu}\) :

Dynamic viscosity (kg/(m s))

v :

Kinematic viscosity (m2/s)

\({\rho}\) :

Density (kg/m3)

\({\tau_{{\rm w}}}\) :

Wall shear stress (Pa)

\({\varphi}\) :

Specific dissipation (J/kg)

\({\omega}\) :

Turbulent dissipation rate (1/s)

\({^{\_}}\) :

Averaged value (–)

\({^{\prime}}\) :

Fluctuation value (–)

\({^{\prime\prime\prime}}\) :

Volumetric value (1/m3)

+ :

Dimensionless quantity (–)

L :

Time-averaged quantity (–)

T :

Pulsation quantity (–)

0 :

Smooth flow value (–)

tot :

Total value (–)

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Energy Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China

    Hai-Yan Yu, Hao-Chun Zhang & He-Ping Tan

  2. Department of Engineering Mechanics and CNMM, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China

    Yang-Yu Guo

  3. Institute of Composite Material, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China

    Yao Li

  4. School of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China

    Gong-Nan Xie

Authors
  1. Hai-Yan Yu
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  2. Hao-Chun Zhang
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  3. Yang-Yu Guo
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  4. He-Ping Tan
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  5. Yao Li
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  6. Gong-Nan Xie
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Correspondence to Hao-Chun Zhang.

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Communicated by Andreas Öchsner.

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Yu, HY., Zhang, HC., Guo, YY. et al. Thermodynamic analysis of shark skin texture surfaces for microchannel flow. Continuum Mech. Thermodyn. 28, 1361–1371 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00161-015-0479-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00161-015-0479-5

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