Zusammenfassung
Bei der Erstluxation des Sternoklavikular- (SC-)Gelenks wird ein geschlossener Repositionsversuch unternommen. Nach der technisch einfachen Reposition einer vorderen Luxation kommt es häufig zur Reluxation, die zunächst konservativ behandelt wird. Bei der hinteren Luxation ist die geschlossene Reposition schwierig. Scheitert sie, muss das Gelenk offen rekonstruiert werden. Dies ist wegen der Nähe des Mediastinums gefährlich! Sind jüngere Patienten betroffen, handelt es sich bei allen Luxationsformen häufig um Epiphysenfrakturen. Bei symptomatischen chronischen Luxationen wird das SC-Gelenk offen reponiert und mit einem Sehnentransplantat stabilisiert. Atraumatische Instabilitätsformen jüngerer Patienten werden keinesfalls operiert.
Liegt eine primäre Arthrose des SC-Gelenks vor, kann das mediale Ende der Klavikula reseziert werden; bei posttraumatischen Arthrosen muss zusätzlich eine Stabilisierung an die erste Rippe erfolgen.
Die Arthritiden des SC-Gelenks resultieren aus einer Fülle chronisch-entzündlicher Erkrankungen. Sie werden wie die postmenopausale Arthritis konservativ behandelt. Das Empyem ist gefährlich, weil es zu einer vorderen Mediastinitis führen kann, und muss frühzeitig entlastet werden.
Abstract
In cases of a dislocated sternoclavicular (SC) joint, closed reduction is attempted. This is easy for an anterior dislocation but recurrent dislocation occurs quite often. In this case conservative treatment is the first choice. Closed reduction is difficult for a posterior dislocation and if it not successful the joint has to be reopened but this is dangerous due to the vicinity of the mediastinum. In younger patients dislocations are frequently fractures of the epiphyseal plate. Chronic dislocations which cause pain are treated by open reduction and stabilization with a tendon graft. Non-traumatic instability of the SC joint in younger patients is always treated conservatively.
In primary osteoarthritis of the SC joint the medial clavicle may be shortened. In posttraumatic cases the clavicle has to be additionally fixed to the first rib.
Arthritis of the SC joint results from a wide variety of chronic inflammatory diseases which like postmenopausal arthritis are treated conservatively. Septic arthritis is a dangerous condition as it may result in mediastinitis, therefore the joint should be surgically treated as early as possible.
Literatur
Allman FL Jr (1967) Fractures and ligamentous injuries of the clavicle and its articulation. J Bone Joint Surg [Am] 49:774–784
Böhm D, Gohlke F (2002) Erkrankungen des Sternoklavikulargelenks. In: Gohlke F, Hedtmann AS (Hrsg) Orthopädie und Orthopädische Chirurgie. Thieme, Stuttgart New York, S 367–378
Böhm D, Gohlke F (2002) Verletzungen des Sternoklavikulargelenks. In: Gohlke F, Hedtmann AS (Hrsg) Orthopädie und Orthopädische Chirurgie. Thieme, Stuttgart New York, S 589–596
Bremner RA (1959) Monarticular, non-infective subacute arthritis of the sterno-clavlcular joint. J Bone Joint Surg [Br] 41:749–753
Burrows HJ (1951) Tenodesis of subclavius in the treatment of recurrent dislocation of the sterno-clavicular joint. J Bone Joint Surg [Br] 33:240–243
Cave AJ (1961) The nature and morphology of the costoclavicular ligament. J Anat 95:170–179
Fenig M, Lowman R, Thompson BP, Shayne PH (2010) Fatal posterior sternoclavicular joint dislocation due to occult trauma. Am J Emerg Med 28:385 e5–e8
Franck WM, Jannasch O, Siassi M (2003) Balser plate stabilization. An alternate therapy, for traumatic sternoclavicular instability. J Shoulder Elbow Surg 12:276–281
Groh GI, Wirth MA, Rockwood CA Jr (2010) Treatment of traumatic posterior sternoclavicular dislocations. J Shoulder Elbow Surg [epub ahead of print]
Jaggard MK, Gupte CM, Gulati V, Reilly P (2009) A comprehensive review of trauma and disruption to the sternoclavicular joint with the proposal of a new classification system. J Trauma 66:576–584
Kamiyoshihara M, Kakegawa S, Otani Y, Morishita Y (2005) Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery for migration of an orthopedic fixation wire in the mediastinum: report of a case. Kyobu Geka 58:403–405
Kang TL, Dudick C, Ashiku S, Baker C (2009) Blunt rupture of the subclavian-innominate venous junction: case report and review of literature. J Trauma 66:1728–1730
Laffosse JM, Espié A, Bonnevialle N et al (2010) Posterior dislocation of the sternoclavicular joint and epiphyseal disruption of the medial clavicle with posterior displacement in sports participants. J Bone Joint Surg [Br] 92:103–109
Lehmann W, Laskowski J, Grossterlinden L, Rueger JM (2010) Refixation der sternoklavikulären Luxation mit einem Fadenankersystem. Unfallchirurg 113:418–421
Meis RC, Love RB, Keene JS, Orwin JF (2006) Operative treatment of the painful sternoclavicular joint: a new technique using interpositional arthroplasty. J Shoulder Elbow Surg 15:60–66
Nakayama E, Tanaka T, Noguchi T et al (2007) Tracheal stenosis caused by retrosternal dislocation of the right clavicle. Ann Thorac Surg 83:685–687
Nettles JL, Linscheid RL (1968) Sternoclavicular dislocations. J Trauma 8:158–164
Panzica M, Zeichen J, Hankemeier S et al (2010) Long-term outcome after joint reconstruction or medial resection arthroplasty for anterior SCJ instability. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 130:657–665
Restrepo CS, Martinez S, Lemos DF et al (2009) Imaging appearances of the sternum and sternoclavicular joints. Radiographics 29:839–859
Robinson CM, Jenkins PJ, Markham PE, Beggs I (2008) Disorders of the sternoclavicular joint. J Bone Joint Surg [Br] 90:685–696
Rockwood CA Jr, Odor JM (1989) Spontaneous atraumatic anterior subluxation of the sternoclavicular joint. J Bone Joint Surg [Am] 71:1280–1288
Rockwood CA Jr, Wirth MA (1996) Injuries to the sternoclavicular joint. In: Rockwood CA Jr, Green DP, Bucholz RW, Heckman JD (eds) Rockwood and Green’s fractures in adults, 4th edn. Lippincott-Raven, Philadelphia, pp 1415–1471
Rowe C, Marble H (1958) Shoulder girdle injuries. In: Cave E (ed) Fractures and other injuries. Year Book, Chicago, Illinois, USA
Spencer E, Kuhn J (2004) Biomechanical analysis of reconstructions for stenoclavicular joint instability. J Bone Joint Surg [Am] 86:98–105
Webb PA, Suchey JM (1985) Epiphyseal union of the anterior iliac crest and medial clavicle in a modern multiracial sample of American males and females. Am J Phys Anthropol 68:457–466
Interessenkonflikt
Der korrespondierende Autor gibt an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Wiedemann, E., Biberthaler, P. Pathologien des Sternoklavikulargelenks und deren Therapiemöglichkeiten. Arthroskopie 23, 265–272 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00142-010-0581-4
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00142-010-0581-4