References
Chesnut RM, Bleck TP, Citerio G et al (2015) A consensus-based interpretation of the benchmark evidence from south american trials: treatment of intracranial pressure trial. J Neurotrauma 32(22):1722–1724
Hutchinson PJ, Jalloh I, Helmy A et al (2015) Consensus statement from the 2014 International Microdialysis Forum. Intensive Care Med 41(9):1517–1528
Timofeev I, Carpenter KL, Nortje J et al (2011) Cerebral extracellular chemistry and outcome following traumatic brain injury: a microdialysis study of 223 patients. Brain 134(Pt 2):484–494
Le Roux P, Menon DK, Citerio G et al (2014) Consensus summary statement of the International Multidisciplinary Consensus Conference on Multimodality Monitoring in Neurocritical Care: a statement for healthcare professionals from the Neurocritical Care Society and the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine. Intensive Care Med 40(9):1189–1209
Bouzat P, Marques-Vidal P, Zerlauth JB et al (2015) Accuracy of brain multimodal monitoring to detect cerebral hypoperfusion after traumatic brain injury. Crit Care Med 43(2):445–452
Patet C, Quintard H, Zerlauth JB et al (2017) Bedside cerebral microdialysis monitoring of delayed cerebral hypoperfusion in comatose patients with poor grade aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 88(4):332–338
Kofler M, Schiefecker AJ, Beer R et al (2017) Enteral nutrition increases interstitial brain glucose levels in poor-grade subarachnoid hemorrhage patients. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. https://doi.org/10.1177/0271678X17700434
Jalloh I, Carpenter KL, Grice P et al (2015) Glycolysis and the pentose phosphate pathway after human traumatic brain injury: microdialysis studies using 1,2-(13)C2 glucose. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 35(1):111–120
Quintard H, Patet C, Zerlauth JB et al (2016) Improvement of neuroenergetics by hypertonic lactate therapy in patients with traumatic brain injury is dependent on baseline cerebral lactate/pyruvate ratio. J Neurotrauma 33(7):681–687
Jalloh I, Helmy A, Howe DJ et al (2017) Focally perfused succinate potentiates brain metabolism in head injury patients. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 37(7):2626–2638
Vespa P, Tubi M, Claassen J et al (2016) Metabolic crisis occurs with seizures and periodic discharges after brain trauma. Ann Neurol 79(4):579–590
Hinzman JM, Wilson JA, Mazzeo AT, Bullock MR, Hartings JA (2016) Excitotoxicity and metabolic crisis are associated with spreading depolarizations in severe traumatic brain injury patients. J Neurotrauma 33(19):1775–1783
Magnoni S, Mac Donald CL, Esparza TJ et al (2015) Quantitative assessments of traumatic axonal injury in human brain: concordance of microdialysis and advanced MRI. Brain 138(Pt 8):2263–2277
Thelin EP, Carpenter KL, Hutchinson PJ, Helmy A (2017) Microdialysis monitoring in clinical traumatic brain injury and its role in neuroprotective drug development. AAPS J 19(2):367–376
Dahlin AP, Purins K, Clausen F et al (2014) Refined microdialysis method for protein biomarker sampling in acute brain injury in the neurointensive care setting. Anal Chem 86(17):8671–8679
Funding
Supported by Grants from the Swiss National Science Foundation (Grant nr 32003B_155957 and 31NE30_173675, to MO) and the UK MRC and NIHR (Research Professorship and Cambridge BRC, to PJH).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflicts of interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Oddo, M., Hutchinson, P.J. Understanding and monitoring brain injury: the role of cerebral microdialysis. Intensive Care Med 44, 1945–1948 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00134-017-5031-6
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00134-017-5031-6