Skip to main content

Advertisement

Log in

Schulterendoprothetik – Biomechanik und Design

Shoulder arthroplasty – biomechanics and design

  • Leitthema
  • Published:
Der Orthopäde Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Zusammenfassung

Der Schulterendoprothetik kommt in der orthopädischen Chirurgie eine zunehmende Bedeutung zu. Durch eine kontinuierliche Weiterentwicklung der Schulterprothesen gelingt es mit den aktuellen Prothesen die ursprüngliche Anatomie der Schulter so exakt wie möglich zu rekonstruieren. Dies ist von entscheidender Bedeutung zur langfristigen Wiederherstellung von physiologischen Bewegungsmustern und zum Erreichen einer Schmerzreduktion. Die aktuellen Schaftkomponenten bieten die Möglichkeit die wichtigen Parameter Ante-/Retroversion, Inklination und Offset an der Prothese einzustellen, sodass eine Anpassung der Prothese an die vorgegebene Anatomie möglich ist. Für die Glenoidkomponente ist die Verankerung von entscheidender Bedeutung, da der geringe Knochenstock diese erschwert. Zementierte Systeme stellen hier nach wie vor den Standard dar. Für junge Patienten bietet der Oberflächenersatz eine sinnvolle Alternative zur Behandlung früher Stadien der Arthrose. Bei der Defektarthropathie kommt die inverse Prothese zum Einsatz. Durch die Umkehrung des anatomischen Verhältnisses zwischen Glenoid und Humerus kommt es zur Medialisierung und Kaudalisierung des Rotationszentrums und zur Vorspannung des M. deltoideus. Aufgrund der hohen Komplikationsrate sollte die Anwendung dem erfahrenen Spezialisten vorbehalten bleiben.

Abstract

Shoulder arthroplasty is becoming increasingly important in orthopaedic surgery. Continuous development of the implants means that the modern endoprostheses make it possible to recreate the original anatomy with a high degree of accuracy. This is of decisive importance in the long-term restoration of physiological patterns of movement and achievement of pain relief. The modern shoulder arthroplasties allow adjustment of the important parameters: ante-/retroversion, inclination and offset to fit the individual anatomy of the proximal humerus. Fixation is the most important factor for the glenoid component; reduced bone stock can make this difficult. Cemented components are still the gold standard. For young patients surface replacement arthroplasty can be a good alternative treatment for early stages of osteoarthritis. In cuff tear arthropathy reverse prostheses can be used. Reversing the anatomical relationship between glenoid and humerus leads to medialisation and lowering of the center of rotation, which in turn leads to increased tension on the deltoid muscle. Because of the high complication rate this operation should be performed only by experienced shoulder surgeons.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Abb. 1
Abb. 2
Abb. 3
Abb. 4
Abb. 5

Literatur

  1. Boileau P, Avidor C, Krishnan SG et al. (2002) Cemented polyethylene versus uncemented metal-backed glenoid components in total shoulder arthroplasty: a prospective, double-blind, randomized study. J Shoulder Elbow Surg 11: 351–359

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Boileau P, Walch G (1997) The three-dimensional geometry of the proximal humerus. Implications for surgical technique and prosthetic design. J Bone Joint Surg Br 79: 857–865

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Grammont PM, Baulot E (1993) Delta shoulder prosthesis for rotator cuff rupture. Orthopedics 16: 65–68

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Habermeyer P, Lichtenberg S, Magosch P (2004) Shoulder arthroplasty. Surgical management. Unfallchirurg 107: 1008–1025

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Jonsson E, Egund N, Kelly I et al. (1986) Cup arthroplasty of the rheumatoid shoulder. Acta Orthop Scand 57: 542–546

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Karduna AR, Williams GR, Williams JL et al. (1996) Kinematics of the glenohumeral joint: influences of muscle forces, ligamentous constraints, and articular geometry. J Orthop Res 14: 986–993

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Karduna AR, Williams GR, Williams JL et al. (1997) Glenohumeral joint translations before and after total shoulder arthroplasty. A study in cadavera. J Bone Joint Surg Am 79: 1166–1174

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Kronberg M, Brostrom LA, Soderlund V (1990) Retroversion of the humeral head in the normal shoulder and its relationship to the normal range of motion. Clin Orthop 253: 113–117

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Levy O, Copeland SA (2004) Cementless surface replacement arthroplasty (Copeland CRSA) for osteoarthritis of the shoulder. J Shoulder Elbow Surg 13: 266–271

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Lichtenberg S, Magosch P, Habermeyer P (2007) Ein neuer zement- und schaftfreier Humeruskopfersatz: Experimentelle Testung und erste klinische Ergebnisse. 14. Jahrestagung der DVSE e.V., Münster

  11. Matsen FA 3rd, Rockwood CA Jr, Wirth MA et al. (1998) Glenohumeral arthritis and its management. In: Rockwood CA Jr, Matsen FA 3rd (eds) The shoulder. Saunders, Philadelphia, pp 840–964

  12. Murphy LA, Prendergast PJ, Resch H (2001) Structural analysis of an offset-keel design glenoid component compared with a center-keel design. J Shoulder Elbow Surg 10: 568–579

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Pearl ML (2005) Proximal humeral anatomy in shoulder arthroplasty: Implications for prosthetic design and surgical technique. J Shoulder Elbow Surg 14(Suppl 1): 99–104

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Pearl ML, Volk AG (1995) Retroversion of the proximal humerus in relationship to prosthetic replacement arthroplasty. J Shoulder Elbow Surg 4: 286–289

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Pearl ML, Volk AG (1996) Coronal plane geometry of the proximal humerus relevant to prosthetic arthroplasty. J Shoulder Elbow Surg 5: 320–326

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Rockwood CA (2007) The reverse total shoulder prosthesis. The new kid on the block. J Bone Joint Surg Am 89: 292–300

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Rodosky MW, Bigliani LU (1996) Indications for glenoid resurfacing in shoulder arthroplasty. J Shoulder Elbow Surg 5: 231–248

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Walch G, Boileau P (1999) Shoulder Arthroplasty. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York

  19. Walch G, Edwards TB, Boulahia A et al. (2002) The influence of glenohumeral prosthetic mismatch on glenoid radiolucent lines: results of a multicenter study. J Bone Joint Surg Am 84: 2186–2191

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Wirth MA, Rockwood CA Jr (1994) Complications of shoulder arthroplasty. Clin Orthop 307: 47–69

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Interessenkonflikt

Der korrespondierende Autor gibt an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to D. Liem.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Liem, D., Marquardt, B., Witt, K. et al. Schulterendoprothetik – Biomechanik und Design. Orthopäde 36, 1027–1036 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00132-007-1156-6

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00132-007-1156-6

Schlüsselwörter

Keywords

Navigation