Skip to main content
Log in

Pharmakotherapeutische Aspekte der Femurkopfnekrose

Pharmacotherapeutic aspects of femoral head necrosis

  • Leitthema
  • Published:
Der Orthopäde Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Zusammenfassung

Die nichttraumatische Hüftkopfnekrose oder avaskuläre Femurkopfnekrose (FKN) stellt nicht nur ein operatives, sondern insbesondere ein pharmakotherapeutisches Problem dar, da nur wenige relevante Studien existieren, die den Verlauf der FKN unter medikamentöser Therapie oder gegenüber Placebo über einen längeren Zeitraum untersucht haben. Hierzu gehören die Applikation von vasodilatierenden Prostaglandinanaloga wie Iloprost als auch Knochenprotektiva aus der Gruppe der Bisphosphonate. Weitere Ansätze beinhalten die Gabe von Antikoagulanzien wie niedermolekulares Heparin, Lipidsenker und Hormonderivate wie Stanozolol.

Interessanterweise zeigen die meisten dieser Studien eine signifikante Verbesserung der Schmerzsymptomatik und eine Verhinderung einer raschen Progression der FKN, was sich auch in einer reduzierten Zahl an notwendigen prothetischen Eingriffen über mehrere Jahre widerspiegelt. Zu betonen ist, dass eine medikamentöse Intervention so rasch als möglich erfolgen sollte, da frühere Stadien der FKN in der Regel deutlich besser als späte Stadien mit bereits erfolgter Osteodestruktion auf eine Medikation ansprechen.

Abstract

Avascular necrosis (AVN) of the hip is one of the unsolved problems in orthopedics, especially with regard to drug therapy. Only a few studies exist using a long-term approach with vasodilating agents such as prostaglandins, anticoagulants, hormones, as well as lipid lowering and bone protective drugs such as bisphosphonates. However, using these medications several studies have demonstrated a significant reduction in pain, in the destruction of the femoral head as well as in overall disability. This resulted in a reduced need for joint replacement in patients with AVN and to a substantial improvement in quality of life. Of note, drug therapy should be initiated in the early phases of AVN as later stages appear to be less responsive to medication.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Literatur

  1. Agarwala S, Jain D, Joshi VR, Sule A (2005) Efficacy of alendronate, a bisphosphonate, in the treatment of AVN of the hip. A prospective open-label study. Rheumatology (Oxford) 44: 352–359

    Google Scholar 

  2. Agarwala S, Jain D, Joshi VR, Sule A (2005) Efficacy of alendronate, a bisphosphonate, in the treatment of AVN of the hip. Reply. Rheumatology (Oxford) 44: 1332

    Google Scholar 

  3. Aigner N, Petje G, Steinboeck G et al. (2001) Treatment of bone-marrow oedema of the talus with the prostacyclin analogue iloprost. An MRI-controlled investigation of a new method. J Bone Joint Surg Br 83: 855–888

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Aigner N, Meizer R, Stolz G et al. (2003) Iloprost for the treatment of bone marrow edema in the hindfoot. Foot Ankle Clin 8: 683–693

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Aigner N, Petje G, Schneider W et al. (2005) Bone marrow edema syndrome of the femoral head: treatment with the prostacyclin analogue iloprost vs. core decompression: an MR-controlled study. Wien Klin Wochenschr 117: 111–120

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Cheng EY, Throntrangan I, Laorr A, Saleh KJ (2004) Spontaneous resolution of osteonecrosis of the femoral head. J Bone Joint Surg Am 86: 2594–2599

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Desai MM, Sonone S, Bhasme V (2005) Efficacy of alendronate, a bisphosphonate, in the treatment of AVN of the hip. Comment. Rheumatology (Oxford) 44: 1331–1332

    Google Scholar 

  8. Disch AC, Matziolis G, Perka C (2005) The management of necrosis-associated and idiopathic bone-marrow oedema of the proximal femur by intravenous iloprost. J Bone Joint Surg Br 87: 560–564

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Distler M, Distler O (in Druck) Konventionelle Therapiekonzepte des Raynaud-Syndroms. In: Müller-Ladner U (Hrsg) Raynaud Syndrom und akrale Ischämiesyndrome. UniMed Verlag, Bremen

  10. Glueck CJ, Freiberg R, Glueck HI et al. (1995) Idiopathic osteonecrosis, hypofibrinolysis, high plasminogen activator inhibitor, high lipoprotein(a), and therapy with stanozolol. Am J Hematol 48: 213–220

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Glueck CJ, Freiberg RA, Sieve L, Wang P (2005) Enoxaparin prevents progression of stages I and II osteonecrosis of the hip. Clin Orthoped 435: 164–170

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Hirota Y, Hirohata T, Fukuda K et al. (1993) Association of alkohol intake, cigarette smoking, and occupational status with the risk of idiopathic osteonecrosis of the femoral head. Am J Epidemiol 137: 530–538

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Kim HJ (2004) Hyperbaric oxygen therapy as a treatment for stage-I avascular necrosis of the femoral head. J Bone Joint Surg Br 86: 150–151

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Lai K-A, Shen W-J, Yang C-Y et al. (2005) The use of alendronate to prevent early collapse of the femoral head in patients with nontraumatic osteonecrosis. A randomized clinical study. J Bone Joint Surg Am 87: 2155–2159

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Laroche M, Jacquemier JM, Montane de al Roque P et al. (1990) Nifedipine per os relieves the pain caused by osteonecrosis of the femur head. Rev Rhum Mal Osteoartic 57: 669–670

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Ludwig J, Lauber S, Lauber HJ et al. (2001) High-energy shock wave treatment of femoral head necrosis in adults. Clin Orthop 387: 119–126

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Matsuo K, Hirohata T, Sugioka Y et al. (1988) Influence of alcohol intake, cigarette smoking, and occupational status on idiopathic osteonecrosis of the femoral head. Clin Orthop 234: 115–123

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Meizer R, Radda C, Stolz G et al. (2005) MRI-controlled analysis of 104 patients with painful bone marrow edema in different joint localizations treated with the prostacyclin analogue iloprost. Wien Klin Wochenschr 117: 278–286

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Mont MA, Jones LC, Hungerford DS (2006) Nontraumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head: ten years later. J Bone Joint Surg Am 88: 1117–1132

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Nishii T, Sugano N, Miki H et al. (2006) Does alendronate prevent collapse in osteonecrosis of the femoral head? Clin Orthop Relat Res 443: 273–279

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Ohzono K, Saito M, Sugano N et al. (1992) The fate of nontraumatic avascular necrosis of the femoral head: a radiologic classification to formulate progress. Clin Orthop Relat Res 277: 73–78

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Pritchett JW (2001) Statin therapy decreases the risk of osteonecrosis in patients receiving steroids. Clin Orthop Relat Res 386: 173–178

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Reis ND, Schwartz O, Militianu D et al. (2003) Hyperbaric oxygen therapy as a treatment for stage-I avascular necrosis of the femoral head. J Bone Joint Surg Br 85: 371–375

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Wang CJ, Wang FS, Huang CC et al. (2005) Treatment for osteonecrosis of the femoral head: comparison of extracorporeal shock waves with core decompression and bone-grafting. J Bone Joint Surg Am 87: 2380–2387

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Yoshida T, Kanayama Y, Okamura M et al. (2002) Long-term observation of avascular necrosis of the femoral head in systemic lupus erythematosus: an MRI study. Clin Exp Rheumatol 20: 525–530

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Interessenkonflikt

Es besteht kein Interessenkonflikt. Der korrespondierende Autor versichert, dass keine Verbindungen mit einer Firma, deren Produkt in dem Artikel genannt ist, oder einer Firma, die ein Konkurrenzprodukt vertreibt, bestehen. Die Präsentation des Themas ist unabhängig und die Darstellung der Inhalte produktneutral.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to U. Müller-Ladner.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Tarner, I., Dinser, R. & Müller-Ladner, U. Pharmakotherapeutische Aspekte der Femurkopfnekrose. Orthopäde 36, 446–450 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00132-007-1084-5

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00132-007-1084-5

Schlüsselwörter

Keywords

Navigation