Abstract
Most of the pollutants discharged into the water will deposit at the bottom of the river and may cause biological toxicity. Daphnia magna-elutriate toxicity bioassay was usually applied to evaluate sediment toxicity. However, the loss of hydrophobic pollutants during the elutriating will lead to the underestimation of sediment toxicity. The purpose of this study is to apply the optimized immobilized sediments to D. magna test, so it can be directly exposed to the sediments and get accurate sediment toxicity results. The optimized immobilized sediment was prepared by mixing 1 g sediment with 7.5 mL 3% (w/v) alginate and hardened in a 4% (w/v) CaCl2 solution. Based on D. magna acute toxicity test, the median lethal concentration values (LC50) of the spiked Cu and diuron measured by using immobilized sediment were both lower than that of using the elutriate, in which the difference of Cu-LC50 reached a significant level. The toxicity changes of sediment in the polluted rivers before and after dredging were then be evaluated by using the immobilized sediment. The toxicity of the sediments at four sites decreased from acute-toxic (pro-dredging) to slight-acute-toxic and nontoxic (post-dredging).
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Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program-China (2018YFC1803100), the Environmental Monitoring Project in the Jiangsu Province (1803) and the Natural Science Foundation of Xizang (No. XZ 2018 ZR G-89 (Z))
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LWS, GCZ and LLZ conceived and designed the experiments; LLZ and ZTP performed the experiment. RRX, WQW, MZ and JZ partially performed the experiments; LLZ, YNZ and LWS analyzed the data, JZ and WQW partly analyzed the data. LLZ, ZTP and LWS wrote the paper.
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Zhang, LL., Pei, ZT., Zhao, YN. et al. Toxicity Changes of Heavily Polluted River Sediments on Daphnia magna Before and After Dredging. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 105, 874–881 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-020-03037-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-020-03037-y