Abstract
A sensitive and simple method using magnetic multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNTs-Fe3O4 MNP), as the adsorbent, has been successfully developed for extraction and pre-concentration of arsenic, lead and cadmium with detection by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES). The nanosorbent was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The key factors affecting the signal intensity such as pH, adsorbent amount, etc. were investigated. Under optimal conditions, the limits of detection (three-time of signal to noise ratio, S/N 3) were 0.3, 0.6, 0.3 ng/mL for arsenic, lead and cadmium, respectively. Application of the adsorbent was investigated by the analysis of water, milk, Indian rice and red tea. The experimental data was analyzed and obeyed Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption models. The kinetic data was fitted to the pseudo-second-order model. Thermodynamic studies revealed the feasibility and exothermic nature of the system.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bahar S, Es’haghi Z, Nezhadali A, Banaei A, Bohlooli S (2017) An innovative method for analysis of Pb(II) in rice, milk and water samples based on TiO2 reinforced caprylic acid hollow fiber solid/liquid phase microextraction. Food Chem 221:1904–1910
Cheng G, He M, Peng H, Hu B (2012) Dithizone modified magnetic nanoparticles for fast and selective solid phase extraction of trace elements in environmental and biological samples prior to their determination by ICP-OES. Talanta 88:507–515
Daşbaşı T, Saçmacı S, Ülgen A, Kartal S (2015) A solid phase extraction procedure for the determination of Cd(II) and Pb(II) ions in food and water samples by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Food Chem 174:591–596
Es’haghi Z, Ahmadi Golsefidi M, Saify A, Tanha AA, Rezaeifar Z, Alian-Nezhadi Z (2010) Carbon nanotube reinforced hollow fiber solid/liquid phase microextraction: a novel extraction technique for the measurement of caffeic acid in Echinacea purpurea herbal extracts combined with high-performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 1217:2768–2775
Fua F, Xie L, Tang B, Wang Q, Jiang S (2012) Application of a novel strategy—advanced Fenton-chemical precipitation to the treatment of strong stability chelated heavy metal containing wastewater. Chem Eng J 189–190:283–287
Gong JL, Wang B, Zeng GM, Yang CP, Niu CG, Niu QY, Zhou WJ, Liang Y (2009) Removal of cationic dyes from aqueous solution using magnetic multi-wall carbon nanotube nanocomposite as adsorbent. J Hazard Mat 164:1517–1522
Hadi J, Barford McKay G (2014) Selective toxic metal uptake using an e-waste-based novel sorbent–Single, binary and ternary systems. J Environ Chem Eng 2:332–339
Ihsanullah A, Abbas AM, Al-Amer T, Laoui M, Almarri M, Nasser M, Khraisheh MAA (2015) Heavy metal removal from aqueous solution by advanced carbon nanotubes: critical review of adsorption applications. Sep Purif Technol 157:141–161
Khedr MG (2013) Radioactive contamination of groundwater, special aspects and advantages of removal by reverse osmosis and nanofiltration. Desalination 321:47–54
Langmuir I (1916) The constitution and fundamental properties of solids and liquids. Part I. Solids. J Am Chem Soc 38:2221–2295
Li Z, Huang D, Fu C, Wei B, Yu W, Deng C, Zhang X (2011) Preparation of magnetic core mesoporous shell microspheres with C18-modified interior pore-walls for fast extraction and analysis of phthalates in water samples. J Chromatogr A 1218:6232–6239
Luo S, Li X, Chen L, Chen J, Wan Y, Liu C (2014) Layer-by-layer strategy for adsorption capacity fattening of endophytic bacterial biomass for highly effective removal of heavy metals. Chem Eng J 239:312–321
Matos RC, Bessa M, Oliveira H, Gonc¸alves F, Pereiraa MDL, Nunes B (2013) Mechanisms of kidney toxicity for chromium- and arsenic-based preservatives: potential involvement of a pro-oxidative pathway. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 36:929–936
Namasivayam C, Kavitha D (2002) Removal of Congo red from water by adsorption onto activated carbon prepared from coir pith, an agricultural solid waste. Dyes Pigments 54:47–58
Pepe F, Gennaro BD, Aprea P, Caputo D (2013) Natural zeolites for heavy metals removal from aqueous solutions: modeling of the fixed bed Ba2+/Na+ ion-exchange process using a mixed phillipsite/chabazite-rich tuff. Chem Eng J 219:37–42
Tadjarodi A, Abbaszadeh A, Taghizadeh M, Shekari N, Asgharinezhad AA (2015) Solid phase extraction of Cd(II) and Pb(II) ions based on a novel functionalized Fe3O4@ SiO2 core-shell nanoparticles with the aid of multivariate optimization methodology. Mater Sci Eng C 49:416–421
Uheida A, Iglesias M, Fontàs Hidalgo M, Salvadó V, Zhang Y, Muhammed M (2006) Sorption of palladium(II), rhodium(III), and platinum(IV) on Fe3O4 nanoparticles. J Colloid Interface Sci 301:402–408
Wang Y, Xie J, Wu Y, Ge H, Hu X (2013) Preparation of a functionalized magnetic metal–organic framework sorbent for the extraction of lead prior to electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometer analysis. J Mater Chem A 1:8782–8789
Acknowledgements
The authors are grateful to PNU for support of this work.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Azimi, S., Es’haghi, Z. A Magnetized Nanoparticle Based Solid-Phase Extraction Procedure Followed by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry to Determine Arsenic, Lead and Cadmium in Water, Milk, Indian Rice and Red Tea. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 98, 830–836 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-017-2068-8
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-017-2068-8