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Mycotoxin Detection in Urine Samples from Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease of Uncertain Etiology in Sri Lanka

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Abstract

This was a screening study that aimed to determine the presence of nephrotoxic mycotoxins in urine samples from patients with chronic kidney disease of uncertain etiology in the North Central Province of Sri Lanka. The percentage detection of aflatoxins, ochratoxins and fumonisins in 31 patients were 61.29%, 93.5% and 19.4%, respectively. Geometric means of urinary aflatoxins and ochratoxins were 30.93 creatinine and 34.62 ng/g creatinine in chronic kidney disease of uncertain etiology stage 1–2 patients and 84.12 ng/g creatinine and 63.52 ng/g creatinine in unaffected relatives of patients. In chronic kidney disease of uncertain etiology stage 3–5 patients, geometric means of urinary aflatoxins and ochratoxins were 10.40 and 17.08 ng/g creatinine, respectively. Non-affected relatives of patients (n = 6) had comparable levels of these mycotoxins, but healthy Japanese individuals (n = 4) had lower levels than in Sri Lanka. The higher detection rate of urinary ochratoxins in Sri Lankans indicates that exposure is common in the region.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by special coordination funds for promoting science and technology sponsored by the Japan Science and Technology Agency. The funding agency had no role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Health and Environmental Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida Konoe, Sakyo, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan

    Biruck Desalegn, Shanika Nanayakkara, Kouji H. Harada, Toshiaki Hitomi & Akio Koizumi

  2. Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka

    Rohana Chandrajith

  3. Nephrology Unit, Teaching Hospital, Kandy, Sri Lanka

    Upul Karunaratne & Tilak Abeysekera

Authors
  1. Biruck Desalegn
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  2. Shanika Nanayakkara
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  3. Kouji H. Harada
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  4. Toshiaki Hitomi
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  5. Rohana Chandrajith
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  6. Upul Karunaratne
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  7. Tilak Abeysekera
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  8. Akio Koizumi
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Akio Koizumi.

Additional information

This study is conducted for the Chronic Kidney Disease of Uncertain Etiology Consortium.

Please refer the Appendix section for the full list of members.

Appendix

Appendix

 

Nation

Collaborative institutes

Members

Sri Lanka

Faculty of Science, University of Peradeniya

Rohana Chandrajith (CP)

Ayanthi Navarathna

Faculty of Medicine, University of Peradeniya

N. Ratnatunga

Dhammika Dissanayake

Nimmi Aturaliya

K. Jayasekara

Ministry of Health and Nutrition [GH Kandy (Teaching), District Hospital Medawachchiya, District Hospital Girandurukotte]

Tilak Abeysekara

A.W.M. Wazeel

Upul Karunaratne

KU Senaviratne

EDL Gunaratne

Institute of Fundamental Studies (IFS)

C.B. Dissanayake

J.P. Padmasiri

 

C.M. Madduma Bandara

Japan

Department of Health and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto University

Akio Koizumi (PI)

Kouji Harada

Toshiaki Hitomi

Shanika Nanayakkara

Lalantha Senevirathna

Kitano Hospital

Eri Muso

Toshiyuki Komiya

Yoshiaki Yuba

Tohoku Bunkyo University

Takao Watanabe

Daiichi Pharmaceutical University

Koichi Haraguchi

Australia

University of Qeensland

Wendy Hoy

Glenda Gobe

Susan Mott

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Desalegn, B., Nanayakkara, S., Harada, K.H. et al. Mycotoxin Detection in Urine Samples from Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease of Uncertain Etiology in Sri Lanka. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 87, 6–10 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-011-0301-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-011-0301-4

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