Identification of genome constitution of Oryza malampuzhaensis, O. minuta,and O. punctata by multicolor genomic in situ hybridization

Abstract  

Multicolor genomic in situ hybridization (McGISH) was applied to identify the genomic constitution of three tetraploid species (2n = 4x = 48) in the Oryza officinalis complex of the genus Oryza, i.e. Oryza malam-puzhaensis, Oryza minuta, and Oryza punctata. The genomic probes used were from three diploids, i.e. Oryza officinalis (CC), Oryza eichingeri (CC) and Oryza punctata (BB), respectively. The results indicated that all three tetraploids are allotetraploid with the genomic constitution of BBCC, and among them the genome constitution of O. malampuzhaensis was verified for the first time. Restoration of the independent taxonomic status of O. malampuzhaensis is suggested. One pair of satellite chromosomes belonging to the B genome was identified in O. malampuzhaensis, but no such satellite chromosomes were found in either O. minuta or the tetraploid O. punctata. The average chromosome length of the C genome was found to be slightly larger than that of the B-genome chromosomes of O. minuta, but not in the tetraploids O. punctata and O. malampuzhaensis. McGISH also revealed that the B genome of O. minuta and the B genome of diploid O. punctata showed clear differentiation from each other. Therefore, the suggestion was proposed that the B genome in diploid O. punctata was not the source of the B genome of O. minuta. The present results proved that multicolor GISH had high resolution in identifying the genomic constitution of polyploid Oryza species.