Abstract
The breeding of japonica varieties with erect-pose panicle (EP) has recently progressed in the northern part of China, because these varieties exhibit a far higher grain yield than the varieties with normal-pose panicle (NP). A genetic analysis using the F2 population from the cross between Liaojing5, the first japonica EP variety in China, and the Japanese japonica NP variety Toyonishiki revealed that EP is governed by a single dominant gene EP. Based on previous studies, map-based cloning of EP locus was conducted using Liaojing5, Toyonishiki, their F2 population, and a pair of near-isogenic lines for EP locus (ZF14 and WF14) derived from the cross between the two varieties; consequently, the STS marker H90 was found to completely cosegregate with panicle pose. The H90 is located in the coding sequence AK101247 in the database, and the AK101247 of Liaojing5 has a 12 bp sequence in exon 5 replaced with a 637 bp sequence of its wild type allele. It was therefore considered that the AK101247 encodes the protein of the wild type allele at EP locus, and that the sequence substitution in exon 5 of Liaojing5 is crucial for expression of the EP phenotype. The effects of EP gene on agronomic traits were investigated using two pairs of near-isogenic lines (ZF6 vs. WF6 and ZF14 vs. WF14) derived from the cross between the two varieties. Experimental results showed that EP gene markedly enhanced grain yield, chiefly by increasing number of secondary branches and number of grains on the secondary branch. EP gene also produced a remarkable increase in grain density.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Chen WF, Xu ZJ, Zhang WZ, Zhang LB, Yang SR (2001) Creation of new plant type and breeding rice for super high yield. Acta Agron Sin 27:665–672
Colombatti A, Bonaldo P, Doliana R (1993) Type A modules: interacting domains found in several non-fibrillar collagens and in other extracellular matrix proteins. Matrix 13:297–306
Fan CC, Xing YZ, Mao HL, Lu TT, Han B, Xu CG, Li XG, Zhang QF (2006) GS3, a major QTL for grain length and weight and minor QTL for grain width and thickness in rice, encodes a putative transmembrane protein. Theor Appl Genet 112:1164–1171
Futsuhara Y, Kikuchi F (1997) Dwarf characters. In: Matsuo T, Futsuhara Y, Kikuchi F, Yamaguchi H (eds) Science of the rice plant, vol 3. Food and Agriculture Policy Research Center, Tokyo, pp 300–318
Kong FN, Wang JY, Zou JC, Shi LX, Jin DM, Xu ZJ, Wang B (2007) Molecular tagging and mapping of the erect panicle gene in rice. Mol Breed 19:297–304
Liu JP, van Eck J, Cong B, Tanksley SD (2002) A new class of regulatory genes underlying the cause of pear-shaped tomato fruit. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 99(20):13302–13306
Monna L, Kitazawa N, Yoshino N, Suzuki J, Masuda H, Maehara Y, Tanji M, Sato M, Nasu S, Minobe Y (2002) Positional cloning of rice semidwarfing gene, sd-1: rice “Green revolution gene” encodes a mutant enzyme involved in gibberellin synthesis. DNA Res 9:11–17
Murai M, Iizawa M (1994) Effects of major genes controlling morphology of panicle in rice. Breed Sci 44:247–255
Murai M, Sato S, Nagayama A, Ishii N, Ihashi S (2002) Effects of a major gene Ur1 characterized by undulation of rachis branches on yield and its related traits in rice. Breed Sci 52:299–307
Murai M, Nagayama A, Sato S, Bahadur KC H, Ise K, Yoshida T (2003) High yielding F1 hybrid carrying Ur1 (Undulate rachis-1) gene in Japonica rice. Breed Sci 53:263–269
Nagao S, Takahashi M (1963) Trial construction of twelve linkage groups in Japanese rice (Genetical studies on rice plant, XXVII). J Fac Agric Hokkaido Univ 53:72–130
Simpson KJ, Nicholas KR (2002) The comparative biology of whey proteins. J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia 7:313–326
Voorberg J, Fontijn R, Calafat J, Janssen H, van Mourik JA, Pannekoek H (1991) Assembly and routing of von Willebrand factor variants: the requirements for disulfide-linked dimerization reside within the carboxy-terminal 151 amino acids. J Cell Biol 113:195–205
Wang BL, Dong YH, Wang S (1997) Studies on genetic activities of semidwarfism and erect-panicle in rice. J Shenyang Agric Univ 28:83–87
Xu ZJ, Chen WF, Zhang LB, Zhang CL (1995) The heredity of the erect character and relation with other characters in rice. J Shenyang Agric Univ 26:1–7
Xu ZJ, Chen WF, Zhang LB, Yang SR (2005) Design principles and parameters of rice ideal panicle type. Chin Sci Bull 50:2253–2256
Yan CJ, Zhou JH, Yan S, Chen F, Yeboah M, Tang SZ, Liang GH, Gu MH (2007) Identification and characterization of a major QTL responsible for erect panicle trait in japonica rice (Oryza sativa L.). Theor Appl Genet 115:1093–1100
Zhu LH, Gu MH (1979) The inheritance of rice grain shattering. Hereditas 1:17–19 (in Chinese)
Acknowledgment
This study was supported in part by a grant from ‘the National Natural Science Foundation of China’ (30871468) and a grant from ‘Youth Foundation of Shenyang Agricultural University’ in China (20070117).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Additional information
Communicated by L. Xiong.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Wang, J., Nakazaki, T., Chen, S. et al. Identification and characterization of the erect-pose panicle gene EP conferring high grain yield in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Theor Appl Genet 119, 85–91 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-009-1019-0
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-009-1019-0