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Neue pharmakologische Therapiekonzepte bei instabiler Blase

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Zusammenfassung

Muskarinrezeptorantagonisten wie Oxybutynin, Propiverin, Tolterodin oder Trospium sind die Basis der medikamentösen Behandlung der instabilen Blase. Bei moderater Wirksamkeit wird ihr Einsatz teilweise durch unerwünschte Wirkungen wie v. a. Mundtrockenheit begrenzt, was zur Suche nach neuen Therapieoptionen geführt hat. Vanilloidrezeptoragonisten, Tachykininrezeptorantagonisten, Kaliumkanalöffner und β3-Adrenozeptoragonisten werden zzt. dahingehend untersucht, sind aber noch mehrere Jahre von einer klinischen Verfügbarkeit entfernt. Aktuelle Bemühungen zur Therapieoptimierung konzentrieren sich deshalb auf die Verbesserung existierender Pharmaka durch neue pharmazeutische Formulierungen. Tatsächlich haben Retardformulierungen von Oxybutynin (in Deutschland nicht erhältlich) oder Tolterodin in klinischen Studien bei mindestens gleicher Wirksamkeit eine verbesserte Verträglichkeit gezeigt.

Abstract

Muscarinic receptor antagonists such as oxybutynin, propiverine, tolterodine, or trospium are the basis of medical treatment for overactive bladder. While they are moderately efficacious, their use can be limited by adverse effects such as dry mouth. This has sparked the search for new treatment options. Vanilloid receptor agonists, tachykinin receptor antagonists, potassium channel openers, and ß3-adrenoceptor agonists are currently under investigation, but are unlikely to become clinically available in the next few years. Therefore, current attempts to optimize treatment focus on improvement of existing drugs by new pharmaceutical formulations. Indeed, extended release formulations of oxybutynin (not available in Germany) or tolterodine have demonstrated an improved tolerability in clinical studies which was accompanied by an efficacy at least equal to that of their standard formulations.

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Danksagung

Arbeiten des Autors auf diesem Indikationsgebiet wurden durch die Firmen Boehringer Ingelheim, Sanofi-Synthelabo und Theravance sowie durch die Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft gefördert.

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Correspondence to M. C. Michel.

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Michel, M.C. Neue pharmakologische Therapiekonzepte bei instabiler Blase. Urologe [A] 42, 807–811 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00120-003-0365-9

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