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Undislozierte osteoporotische Insuffizienzfraktur des medialen Schenkelhalses

SPECT/CT macht den diagnostischen Unterschied

Nondislocated osteoprotic insufficiency fracture of the medial femoral neck

SPECT/CT makes the diagnostic difference

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Zusammenfassung

Fragilitätsfrakturen des Schenkelhalses sind die häufigsten Frakturen bei alten Patienten und sind mit einer hohen Mortalität verbunden. Ätiologisch stehen diese regelmäßig in Zusammenhang mit Stürzen. In Fällen von unverschobenen Insuffizienzfrakturen lässt sich die Diagnose nicht immer allein in konventionellen Projektionsradiographien stellen. Dann stehen die Magnetresonanztomographie (MRT) als auch nuklearmedizinische Verfahren wie SPECT (Einzelphotonen-Emissionscomputertomographie, „single photon emission computed tomography“) oder SPECT/CT zur erweiterten Diagnostik zur Verfügung.

Wir berichten von einer 83-jährigen Patientin, die seit 6 Monaten über persistierende belastungsabhängige Hüftschmerzen klagte. Ein Trauma sei ihr nicht erinnerlich. Die klinische als auch konventionell radiologische Diagnostik wie auch die CT-Abklärung verlief frustran. Zur erweiterten diagnostischen Abklärung und zur besseren Abgrenzung zwischen einer lumbalen und koxogenen Beschwerdesymptomatik wurde anschließend ein SPECT/CT durchgeführt. Es zeigte sich in der Mineralstoffwechselphase eine bandförmige Mehranreicherung des 99mTc-HDP-Tracers im medialen Schenkelhals. Die SPECT/CT-Untersuchung stellt in geriatrischen Patienten eine viel versprechende Erweiterung der diagnostischen Möglichkeiten dar und sollte bei persistierenden unklaren Beschwerden zur Anwendung kommen.

Abstract

Osteoporotic fragility fractures of the femoral neck are the most common type of fractures in the elderly and are associated with a high mortality. Most frequently these fractures are due to falls but spontaneous onset has also been described. In these patients the insufficient quantity and quality of the osteoporotic bone finally leads to the development of a fragility or insufficiency fracture. In some cases of nondisplaced insufficiency fractures the diagnosis cannot be established by conventional radiographs alone and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), single proton emission computed tomography (SPECT) or SPECT/CT are considered as diagnostic adjuncts.

We report the case of an 83-year-old patient who had complained of ongoing weight-bearing pelvic pain for over 6 months. There was no history of trauma. The clinical conventional radiographs as well as CT could not elucidate the cause of the problems. To differentiate between lumbal and hip pain a SPECT/CT was performed andthe diagnosis of a medial femoral neck insufficiency fracture was established. In the delayed phase a band-like increased tracer uptake within the medial femoral neck was observed. The SPECT/CT procedure is a promising diagnostic alternative for geriatric patients and can be particularly recommended in cases of persistent unclear pelvic or lumbar spine pain in the elderly.

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Rieger, B., Friederich, N., Rasch, H. et al. Undislozierte osteoporotische Insuffizienzfraktur des medialen Schenkelhalses. Unfallchirurg 117, 369–373 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00113-013-2421-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00113-013-2421-2

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