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Ätiopathogenese des systemischen Lupus erythematodes

Aetiology and pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus

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Zusammenfassung

Der systemische Lupus erythematodes ist eine systemische Autoimmunerkrankung, die durch die Produktion von zahlreichen Autoantikörpern, insbesondere antinukleären Antikörpern und Antikörpern gegen Doppelstrang-DNA, aber auch von Autoantikörpern gegen verschiedene Organe und Zellsysteme charakterisiert ist. Ätiologisch von Bedeutung sind sowohl Umwelteinflüsse, zu denen neben weiblichen Geschlechtshormonen und der UV-Strahlung auch Infektionen zu zählen sind, als auch eine genetische Prädisposition. Hier sind genetische Polymorphismen in Immunglobulin-Fc-Rezeptor-Genen, Komplementgenen, Zytokingenen und in Genen, die die Apoptose regulieren, zu nennen. Die Pathogenese ist gekennzeichnet durch eine Entzündung, die von Autoantikörpern, Immunkomplexen, aktivierten und autoreaktiven Lymphozyten geprägt und durch Ablagerung von Immunkomplexen, Komplementumsatz und zellulären Infiltraten in Geweben und Gefäßen charakterisiert ist. Die vorliegende Übersicht soll einen Einblick in aktuelle Konzepte zur Pathogenese des SLE geben.

Abstract

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a systemic episodic autoimmune disease characterized by numerous autoantibodies, especially antinuclear antibodies and antibodies to double-strand DNA but also autoantibodies against various organs and cell systems. The heterogeneity of the clinical manifestations reflects the complexity of the disease’s pathogenesis. The aetiology is not completely understood, but environmental factors, including female sex hormones, ultraviolet light exposure and infections, play an important part, as does a genetic predisposition with genetic polymorphisms in immunoglobulin-Fc receptor genes, cytokine genes, complement genes and genes regulating apoptosis. The pathogenesis is linked with an inflammatory process involving autoantibodies, immune complexes and activated and autoreactive lymphocytes and is characterized by deposits of immune complexes, complement turnover and vascular and parenchymal cellular infiltrates in numerous tissues. This article reviews current concepts of the pathogenesis of SLE.

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  1. Zentrum für Allgemeine Pädiatrie und Neonatologie, Asklepios-Klinik, Arnold-Janssen-Straße 29, 53757, Sankt Augustin, Deutschland

    G. Horneff

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Horneff, G. Ätiopathogenese des systemischen Lupus erythematodes. Monatsschr Kinderheilkd 154, 1177–1188 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00112-006-1442-0

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