Zusammenfassung
Rehabilitation in der Rheumatologie hat die Verhinderung funktioneller Störungen am Bewegungsapparat und damit die Aufrechterhaltung der Erwerbsfähigkeit und die Verhinderung von Pflegebedürftigkeit zum Ziel. Langfristige Remissionen sind durch alleinige medikamentöse Therapie nur selten realisierbar, deshalb müssen rehabilitative Maßnahmen fester Bestandteil in der Behandlung Rheumakranker sein. Rehabilitative Behandlungsformen in der Rheumatologie umfassen physikalische Maßnahmen, Patientenschulungen und Ergotherapien. Die positiven Wirkungen physikalischer Therapieverfahren sind durch verschiedene Studien belegt. Patientenschulungen und ergotherapeutische Maßnahmen sind weitere Instrumente zur Stabilisierung des Krankheitsverlaufs. Zur Aufrechterhaltung positiver Rehabilitationsergebnisse müssen Patienten zudem dauerhaft in die Maßnahmenauswahl einbezogen werden und aktiv partizipieren. Trotz erbrachter positiver Nachweise physikalisch-rehabilitativer Maßnahmen deutet sich eine Unterversorgung Rheumakranker an, die sich aufgrund des steigenden Kostendrucks im Gesundheitssystem vermutlich weiter verschärfen wird.
Abstract
Rehabilitation in rheumatology focuses on prevention of functional disorders of the musculoskeletal system, maintenance of working ability and prevention of care dependency. Drug treatment alone rarely results in long-term remission, therefore rehabilitative measures must be integrated into rheumatic care. Rehabilitative therapy in rheumatology includes physiotherapy, patient education and occupational therapy. Positive effects of physical therapy methods have been proven by various studies. Patient education and occupational therapy are important tools for stabilizing the course of the disease. To maintain positive rehabilitative results patients have to be involved in the selection of treatment measures and should take an active part in the long-term treatment process. Despite proven efficacy of physical measures there is evidence for a lack of utilization of rehabilitative therapy due to increasing cost pressure in the health care system which will further increase over time.
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Luttosch, F., Baerwald, C. Rehabilitation in der Rheumatologie. Internist 51, 1239–1245 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00108-010-2626-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00108-010-2626-1