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Infektionen nach Organtransplantation

Infections after organ transplantation

  • Schwerpunkt: Klinische Infektiologie
  • Published:
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Zusammenfassung

Frühe postoperative Infektionen sind je nach Organtransplantation unterschiedlich. Im weiteren Verlauf stehen v. a. CMV-Reaktivierungen, Pneumocystis-jiroveci-Pneumonien, aber auch invasive Pneumokokkeninfektionen und Schimmelpilzinfektionen im Sinne opportunisischer Infektionen im Vordergrund. Reaktivierte Tuberkulosen werden vermehrt beobachtet. Einige der opportunistischen Infektionen lassen sich relativ gut durch eine konsequente Chemopropyhlaxe verhindern bzw. durch Monitoring und frühe präemptive Therapie in ihrer Prognose sehr günstig beeinflussen. Bei der Infektionsdiagnostik muss früh an seltene Erreger gedacht werden, die mit mikrobiologischen Standardverfahren oft nicht erfasst werden.

Abstract

Early postoperative infections after transplantation vary according to the transplanted organ. During the subsequent course opportunistic infections such as cytomegalovirus reactivation, Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia, invasive pneumococcal infection and mould infections predominate. Reactivated tuberculous infection appears to become more prevalent. Some of the opportunistic infections are preventable by chemoprophylaxis; others can be managed very effectively by monitoring and early preemptive therapy. Physicians caring for patients after organ transplantation need to early consider in the differential diagnosis rare pathogens which are often overlooked with standard diagnostic procedures.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Zentrum Infektiologie und Reisemedizin, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg

    W. V. Kern & D. Wagner

  2. Klinik für Infektiologie, Universitätsspital Basel, Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Universität Basel, Schweiz

    H. H. Hirsch

  3. Zentrum Infektiologie und Reisemedizin, Medizinische Universitätsklinik, Hugstetter Straße 55, 79106, Freiburg

    W. V. Kern

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  1. W. V. Kern
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Correspondence to W. V. Kern.

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Kern, W.V., Wagner, D. & Hirsch, H.H. Infektionen nach Organtransplantation. Internist 46, 630–642 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00108-005-1400-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00108-005-1400-2

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