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Determination of fiber orientation in Norway spruce using X-ray diffraction and laser scattering

Bestimmung der Faserneigung in Fichtenholz mittels Röntgenbeugung und Laserstreuung

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Abstract

Spiral grain reduces the quality of timber since it causes twisting during drying and reduces the mechanical strength of wood products. The orientation of wood fibers in Norway spruce as a function of the distance from the pith was studied using both x-ray diffraction and light scattering. In radial-longitudinal plane upper tips of fibers were tilted towards the pith and the tilt angle increased gradually towards the bark in most of the samples. Periodic oscillations in the spiral grain angle were observed. Increased growth rate was found to increase the amplitude of this oscillation. There was no clear correlation between the angles determining the fiber orientation and other parameters like the lumen diameter, the cell wall thickness, the density of the sample, the fiber length, the circularity index of the cell lumen, or the mean microfibril angle. However, fiber orientation in tangential-longitudinal plane varied more in broad annual rings than in narrow annual rings.

Zusammenfassung

Drehwuchs verringert die Holzqualität, weil er zu Verdrehungen beim Trocknen führt und die mechanische Festigkeit der Holzprodukte verringert. Mittels Röntgenbeugung und Laserstreuung wurde die Faserneigung in Fichtenholz in Abhängigkeit vom Abstand zur Markröhre untersucht. In radial-longitudinaler Ebene neigten sich die oberen Faserenden zum Mark hin. Zur Rinde hin stieg der Neigungswinkel bei den meisten Proben allmählich an. Der Faserwinkel unterlag periodischen Schwankungen, die mit zunehmender Jahrringbreite grösser wurden. Eine eindeutige Korrelation zwischen den Faserwinkeln und anderen Parametern, wie zum Beispiel Zelllumendurchmesser, Zellwanddicke, Probendichte, Faserlänge, Rundheitsindex der Zelllumen oder dem mittleren Mikrofibrillenwinkel, konnte nicht festgestellt werden. Die Faserneigung in tangential-longitudinaler Ebene variierte jedoch bei breiten Jahrringen mehr als bei schmalen Jahrringen.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. A Measurement and sensor laboratory, University of Oulu, Teknologiapuisto 127, 87400, Kajaani, Finland

    Matti-P. Sarén

  2. Division of x-ray Physics, Department of Physical Sciences, University of Helsinki, 64, 00014, University of Helsinki, Finland

    Ritva Serimaa

  3. YTI-Research Center, Mikkeli Polytechnic, 181, 50101, Mikkeli, Finland

    Yrjö Tolonen

Authors
  1. Matti-P. Sarén
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  2. Ritva Serimaa
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  3. Yrjö Tolonen
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Correspondence to Matti-P. Sarén.

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Sarén, MP., Serimaa, R. & Tolonen, Y. Determination of fiber orientation in Norway spruce using X-ray diffraction and laser scattering. Holz Roh Werkst 64, 183–188 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00107-005-0076-6

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